注释：
    ①列夫臣柯：《拜占廷》，北京三联书店1962年版。
    ②马克垚；《西欧封建经济形态研究》，人民出版社2001年第2版。另外参见其《封建政治经济概论》，人民出版社2010年版。
    ③Liz James, ed. A Companion to Byzantium, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, West Sussex, UK, 2010, p. 40.
    ④P. Lemerle, The Agrarian History of Byzantium From the Origins to the Twelfth Century, Galway, 1979, viii.
    ⑤A. Kazhdan, Pronia: the history of a scholarly discussion, Mediterranean Historiacal Review, （1995-6）10: 133-63. M. Angold, The Byzantine Empire 1025-1205, Lomdon, 1985, pp. 158-9. G. Ostrogorsky, Pour l‘ histoire de la feodalite Byzantine, Brussels, 1954.
    ⑥马克垚，前引书，序言，第5页。
    ⑦参见J. Banaji, Economy and Agrarian Change in Late Antiquity, Oxford, 2007. P. Sarris, Economy and Society in the Age of Justinian, Cambridge 2006. A. Laiou（ed. ）， The Econmic History of Byzantium, Washington, DC, 2002. A. Laiou and C. Morrisson, The Byzantine Economy, Cambridge, 2007. A. Harvey, Economic Expansion in the Byzantine Empire 900-1200, Cambridge, 1989. P. Lemerle, The Agrarian History of Byzantium From the Origins to the Twelfth Century, Galway, 1979. M. Mundell Mango （ed. ）， Byzantine Trade 4th-12th Centuries, Farnham, 2009. G. Ostrogorsky, Agrarian Conditions in the Byzantine Empire in the Middle Ages, in The Cambridge Economic History of Europe Volume I: The Agrarian Life of the Middle Ages, Cambridge, 1966, pp. 205-30. F. L. Ganshof, Feudalism, London, 1961. S. Reynolds, Fiefs and Vassals, Oxford 1994. R. Hilton, The Transition From Feudalism to Capitalism, London, 1976. Kazhdan, 前引书。M.Angold, The Byzantine Empire 1025-1205, Lomdon, 1985, pp. 158-9. G. Ostrogorsky, Pour l’ histoire de la feodalite Byzantine, Brussels, 1954等。
    ⑧P. Sarris将拜占廷史料做五类分类，将拜占廷钱币单独列为一类，笔者认为可以将后者列入拜占廷考古物的类别，另增加音像民俗史料一类。Peter Sarris, “Economics, Trade, and‘Feudalism’”， in A Compantion to Byzantium, Edited by Liz James, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2010, United Kingdom, p. 25.
    ⑨Sarris前引书。
    ⑩J. Keenan, Aurelius Phoebammon, Son of Triadelphus: A Byzantine Egyptian Land Entrepreneur, Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists, （1980）17: 145-54.
    （11）C. Wickham, Framing the Early Middle Ages, Europe and the Mediterranean 400-800, . Oxford, 2005, pp. 22-5.
    （12）Jones的名著The Later Roman Empire（284-602）涉及这个时段的史料几乎都来自埃及。A. H. M. Jones，The Later Roman Empire（284-602），Oxford 1964.
    （13）Sarris，前引书。A Laiou，The Economic History of Byzantium，Washington，DC. ，2002，p. 357，and Exchange and Trade，the 7th-12th Centuries，in Laiou，前引书，p. 1151.
    （14）T. Gagos and P. Van Minnen, Settling A Dispute: Towards A Legal Anthropology of Late Antique Egypt, Michigan, 1994.
    （15）Sarris, 前引书。R. Morris, The Powerful and the Poor in Tenth-Century Byzantium: Law and Reality, Past and Present（1976）73: 3-27. E. McGeer, The Land Legislation of the Macedonian Emperors, Toronto, 2000.
    （16）Book of the Prefect/Eparch, tran by E. H. Frestffi, Roman Law in The Later Roman Empire-Byzantine Guilds Professional and Commercial-Ordinances of Leo VI Rendered Into English. Cambridge, 1938, 407.
    （17）前引Justinian, The Digest of Roman Law, 42. 5. 8。
    （18）有关拜占廷中期农民具有可用农产品权利的问题，参见Harvey前引书，p. 37.
    （19）J. L. Teall, The Byzantine Agricultural Tradition, Dumbarton Oaks Paper, （1971）25: 35-59.
    （20）普罗柯比：《秘史》，吴舒屏、吕丽蓉译，陈志强审校注释，上海三联书店2007年版。Prokopios, Secret History and Buildings, trans. H. B. Dewing, London and Cambridge, MA, 1914-40.
    （21）P. Brown , The World of Late Antiquity, London 1971. Sarris, 前引书。
    （22）C. Foss, The Persians in Asia Minor and the End of Antiquity, English Historical Review, （1975）90: 721-47.
    （23）M. Hendy, Studies in the Byzantine Monetary Economy c. 300-1450, Cambridge, 1985. Morrison, 前引书。
    （24）Laiou, 前引文，p. 694.
    （25）前引Book of the Prefect: 28。
    （26）Sarris，前引书。前引Book of the Prefect：15。