注释：
    ①列夫臣柯：《拜占廷》，北京三联书店1962年版。
    ②马克垚；《西欧封建经济形态研究》，人民出版社2001年第2版。另外参见其《封建政治经济概论》，人民出版社2010年版。
    ③Liz James,ed.A Companion to Byzantium,Blackwell Publishing Ltd,West Sussex,UK,2010,p.40.
    ④P.Lemerle,The Agrarian History of Byzantium From the Origins to the Twelfth Century,Galway,1979,viii.
    ⑤A.Kazhdan,Pronia:the history of a scholarly discussion,Mediterranean Historiacal Review,(1995-6)10:133-63.M.Angold,The Byzantine Empire 1025-1205,Lomdon,1985,pp.158-9.G.Ostrogorsky,Pour l' histoire de la feodalite Byzantine,Brussels,1954.
    ⑥马克垚，前引书，序言，第5页。
    ⑦参见J.Banaji,Economy and Agrarian Change in Late Antiquity,Oxford,2007.P.Sarris,Economy and Society in the Age of Justinian,Cambridge 2006.A.Laiou(ed.),The Econmic History of Byzantium,Washington,DC,2002.A.Laiou and C.Morrisson,The Byzantine Economy,Cambridge,2007.A.Harvey,Economic Expansion in the Byzantine Empire 900-1200,Cambridge,1989.P.Lemerle,The Agrarian History of Byzantium From the Origins to the Twelfth Century,Galway,1979.M.Mundell Mango (ed.),Byzantine Trade 4th-12th Centuries,Farnham,2009.G.Ostrogorsky,Agrarian Conditions in the Byzantine Empire in the Middle Ages,in The Cambridge Economic History of Europe Volume I:The Agrarian Life of the Middle Ages,Cambridge,1966,pp.205-30.F.L.Ganshof,Feudalism,London,1961.S.Reynolds,Fiefs and Vassals,Oxford 1994.R.Hilton,The Transition From Feudalism to Capitalism,London,1976.Kazhdan,前引书。M. Angold,The Byzantine Empire 1025-1205,Lomdon,1985,pp.158-9.G.Ostrogorsky,Pour l' histoire de la feodalite Byzantine,Brussels,1954等。
    ⑧P.Sarris将拜占廷史料做五类分类，将拜占廷钱币单独列为一类，笔者认为可以将后者列入拜占廷考古物的类别，另增加音像民俗史料一类。Peter Sarris,“Economics,Trade,and‘Feudalism’”,in A Compantion to Byzantium,Edited by Liz James,Blackwell Publishing Ltd,2010,United Kingdom,p.25.
    ⑨Sarris前引书。
    ⑩J.Keenan,Aurelius Phoebammon,Son of Triadelphus:A Byzantine Egyptian Land Entrepreneur,Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists,(1980)17:145-54.
    (11)C.Wickham,Framing the Early Middle Ages,Europe and the Mediterranean 400-800,.Oxford,2005,pp.22-5.
    (12)Jones的名著The Later Roman Empire(284-602)涉及这个时段的史料几乎都来自埃及。A.H.M.Jones，The Later Roman Empire(284-602)，Oxford 1964.
    (13)Sarris，前引书。A Laiou，The Economic History of Byzantium，Washington，DC.，2002，p.357，and Exchange and Trade，the 7th-12th Centuries，in Laiou，前引书，p.1151.
    (14)T.Gagos and P.Van Minnen,Settling A Dispute:Towards A Legal Anthropology of Late Antique Egypt,Michigan,1994.
    (15)Sarris,前引书。R.Morris,The Powerful and the Poor in Tenth-Century Byzantium:Law and Reality,Past and Present(1976)73:3-27.E.McGeer,The Land Legislation of the Macedonian Emperors,Toronto,2000.
    (16)Book of the Prefect/Eparch,tran by E.H.Frestffi,Roman Law in The Later Roman Empire-Byzantine Guilds Professional and Commercial-Ordinances of Leo VI Rendered Into English.Cambridge,1938,407.
    (17)前引Justinian,The Digest of Roman Law,42.5.8。
    (18)有关拜占廷中期农民具有可用农产品权利的问题，参见Harvey前引书，p.37.
    (19)J.L.Teall,The Byzantine Agricultural Tradition,Dumbarton Oaks Paper,(1971)25:35-59.