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Health of Indigenous Peoples 土著人民的健康 Abstract: Indigenous populations worldwide are experiencing social, cultural, demographic, nutritional, and psychoemotional changes that have a profound impact on health. Regardless of their geographical location or sociopolitical situation, health indicators are always poorer for indigenous populations than for nonindigenous ones. The determinants of this gap are multiple and interactive, and their analysis requires a biocultural framework. Indigenous populations suffer from lower life expectancy, high infant and child mortality, high maternal morbidity and mortality, heavy infectious disease loads, malnutrition, stunted growth, increasing levels of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases, substance abuse, and depression. The devastating effects of colonization, the loss of ancestral land, and language and cultural barriers for access to health care are among the most salient themes characterizing the poor health situation of indigenous people. Anthropology is extremely well suited to address the interplay among social, economic, and political forces that shape the local experiences of illness. 摘要：全球土著人口正在经历社会、文化、人口、营养和心里情绪的变化，其对健康产生了深远的影响。无论其地理位置或社会政治情况，卫生指标都是贫穷的土著居民比非土著人更差。决定这个差距的因素是多重的，互动的，对其进行分析需要一个二元文化框架。土著居民遭受较低的预期寿命，高的婴儿和儿童死亡率，高的产妇发病率和死亡率，严重传染性疾病负担、营养不良、生长发育迟缓、心血管疾病和其他慢性疾病，滥用物质水平和抑郁症的增加。殖民主义的破坏性影响，祖先的土地的丧失，获得医疗保健的语言和文化障碍是最突出的问题，这些都表明土著人民的健康状况不佳。人类学非常适合研究解决的社会、经济和政治力量之间的相互作用，其形成了当地的疾病经历。 作者: Valeggia, Claudia R.; Snodgrass, J. Josh 编者: Brenneis, D; Strier, KB 来源：ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANTHROPOLOGY, VOL 44 丛书: Annual Review of Anthropology 卷: 44 页: 117-135 出版年: 2015 (责任编辑：admin) |