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注释 ①《战国策·韩策二》：“塞漏舟而轻阳侯之波，则舟覆矣。”鲍彪注：“说阳侯多矣。今按《四八目》，伏羲六佐，一曰‘阳侯’，为江海。盖因此为波神欤？”另《楚辞·九章·哀郢》《淮南子·览冥训》等，均有“阳侯”之用例，并被释为“波涛之神”。②参见苏雪林《屈赋新探》四卷本。③此文献也有写成“端午”，应是端午节日形成后的改写；也有称唐玄宗生日是八月五日，宰相宋璟建议避讳将“端五”改为“端午”。 参考文献 ［1］杨琳.中国传统节日文化［M］.北京：宗教文化出版社，2000. ［2］刘晓峰.东亚的时间——岁时文化的比较研究［M］.北京：中华书局，2007. ［3］苏雪林.屈原与《九歌》［M］.武汉：武汉大学出版社，2007. ［4］苏雪林.屈赋论丛［M］.武汉：武汉大学出版社，2007. ［5］张君.神秘的节俗［M］.南宁：广西人民出版社，2007. ［6］赵国华.生殖崇拜文化论［M］.北京：中国社会科学出版社，1990. ［7］车广锦.中国传统文化论——关于生殖崇拜和祖先崇拜的考古学研究［J］.东南文化，1992（5）. ［8］王趁意.中国东汉龙虎交媾镜［M］.郑州：中州古籍出版社，2002. ［9］宋亦箫.礼玉“六器”的阴阳性别及与四神的关联［J］.民族艺术，2014（3）. ［10］张正明.张正明学术文集［M］.武汉：湖北人民出版社，2007. ［11］萧晓阳.浪漫幻境中忧郁的诗人——《离骚》中屈原人格的精神分析［C］//楚辞与楚文化学术研讨会暨湖北省屈原研究会年会论文汇编，2013. ［12］［美］朱立安·李布，杰布罗·赫士曼.躁狂抑郁多才俊［M］.郭永茂，译：上海：上海三联书店，2007. ［13］陈久金，卢莲蓉.中国节庆及其起源［M］.上海：上海科技教育出版社，1990. ［14］周星.东亚的端午：以“药物”为中心［J］.中原文化研究，2014（5）. ［15］萧放，张勃.中国节庆［M］.上海：上海古籍出版社，2010. New Exploration about the Origin of Dragon Boat Festival Customs Song Yixiao and Liu Qin Abstract:The origins of the Dragon Boat Festival customs are not those so-called statements，such as to memorize Qu Yuan，to follow the example of Gou Jian to drill Navy，to memorize Wu Zixu or Cao E，to sacrifice dragon totem by ancient people in WuYue area，or to celebrate the new year of Yue，but to avoid evil.This statement against evil directly comes from the myth of death God at home and abroad，and the worship for the breeding while its root is the substitute of the Nature’s Yin and Yang in May，and it set the background for the myth of dead God.The summer solstice is the birth of the dead God or the Day of the God coming to the earth，so May was regarded as the evil month or the poisoned month or the dead month，so it generated many folk customs to fight against evils and ghosts and then it involved into the Dragon Boat Festival on the Lunar month of May，5th.The activities of using a variety of animals and plants to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival reflected the theme of protecting birth，promoting birth and multiplying birth to worship the breeding.Although memorizing Qu Yuan is not the origin of Dragon Boat Festival，his image of loving his country and being faithful for his King roots deeply in people’s heart and in addition，the officials and the mass in all dynasties all admire him，so it has become the most important part of this festival，then it gained the double themes of both expelling the evil and memorizing QuYuan.Meanwhile it was attached to an increasingly important role，even its origin has been ignored. Key words:Dragon Boat Festival;the statement of against evil;the myth of dead God;worship for breeding (责任编辑：admin) |