注释: ①关于古代到文艺复兴时期“当代史”的传统形式,可参阅Gonzalo Pasamar,"The Traditional Forms of the 'History of the Present' from Herodotus to Humanist Historians," https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gonzalo_Pasamar/publications. ②Reinhart Koselleck,Futures Past:On the Semantics of Historical Time,New York:Columbia University Press,2004,pp.259-263,42. ③Arnaldo Momigliano,The Classical Foundations of Modern Historiography,Berkeley and Los Angeles:University of California Press,1990,ch.2. ④希罗多德:《历史》,王以铸译,北京:商务印书馆,1985年,第1页。 ⑤修昔底德:《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》,谢德风译,北京:商务印书馆,1978年,第2页。 ⑥Momigliano,The Classical Foundations of Mode Historiography,p.41. ⑦Polybius,The Histories,trans.by Robin Waterfield,Oxford:Oxford University Press,2010,p.3. ⑧西塞罗:《论演说家》,王焕生译,北京:中国政法大学出版社,2003年,第227页。 ⑨Ronald Mellor,The Roman Historians,London and New York:Routledge,1999,p.55. ⑩Michael von Albrecht,Roman Literature,Vol.1,Leiden:E.J.Brill,1997,pp.360-361. (11)西塞罗:《论演说家》,第249-251页。 (12)雷戈:《真实与客观——以希腊史学为中心兼及中西史学基本精神之比较》,《社会科学战线》2009年第10期,第104页。 (13)“四大帝国”理论,是圣哲罗姆通过解释《旧约·但以理书》提出的一种历史解释理论,他将但以理梦见的四巨兽解释为四大帝国的先后出现,这四个帝国通常被认为是亚述、波斯、马其顿和罗马。参阅克罗齐:《历史学的理论和实际》,傅任敢译,北京:商务印书馆,1986年,第169页。 (14)Maryanne Cline Horowitz,ed.,New Dictionary of the History of Ideas,Farmington Hills:Thomason Gale,2005,Vol.2,pp.708-710.也可参阅卡尔·洛维特:《世界历史与救赎历史》,北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店,2002年,第218-228页。 (15)Eusebius,The Ecclesiastical History,trans.by J.E.L.Oulton,London:William Heinemann Ltd,1932,II,p.251. (16)Deborah Mauskopf Deliyannis,Historiography in the Middle Ages,Leiden:Brill,2003,p.52. (17)Gabrielle M.Spiegel,"Genealogy:Form and Function in Medieval Historical Narrative," History and Theory,Vol.22,No.1,Feb.,1983,p.44. (18)Deliyannis,Historiography in the Middle Ages,p.5. (19)Spiegel,"Genealogy:Form and Function in Medieval Historical Narrative," p.44. (20)The Etymologies of Isidore of Seville,trans.by Stephen A.Barney,et al,Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2006,p.67. (21)Sarah Foot & Chase F.Robinson,The Oxford History of Historical Writing,Vol.Ⅱ,Oxford:Oxford University Press,2012,p.395. (22)Deliyannis,Historiography in the Middle Ages,p.183. (23)Ernst Robert Curtius,European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages,trans.by Willard R.Trask,Princeton:Princeton University Press,2013,p.255. (24)卡尔·洛维特:《世界历史与救赎历史》,第219页。 (25)Hans-Wemer Goetz,"The Concept of Time in the Historiography of the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries," in G.Althoff,J.Fried and P.J.Geary,eds.,Medieval Concepts of the Past,Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2002,p.139. (26)汤普森:《历史著作史》上卷,谢德风译,北京:商务印书馆,1996年,第796页。关于法国宗教战争时期的政治、宗教论战,可参阅Luc Racaut,Hatred in Print:Catholic Propaganda and Protestant Identity during the French War of Religion,Burlington:Ashgate,2002. (27)Arthur Marwick,The Nature of History,London:Macmillan Press Ltd,1989,p.32. (28)此种历史观最古老、最典型代表要算古希腊诗人赫西俄德。参阅赫西俄德:《工作与时日》,张竹明、蒋平译,北京:商务印书馆,1996年,第4-7页;默雷:《古希腊文学史》,孙席珍等译,上海:上海译文出版社,1988年,第58页。 (29)Donald R.Kelley,The Descent of Ideas,Burlington:Ashgate Publishing Company,2002,p.88. (30)Ernst Breisach,Historiography:Ancient,Medieval,& Modern,Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1995,p.182. (31)Francis Bacon,The Advancement of Learning,London:Macmillan and Co.,1869,pp.72-73. (32)唐纳德·R.凯利:《多面的历史》,陈恒译,北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店,2003年,第281页。 (33)Donald R.Kelley,"Johann Sleidan and the Origins of History as a Profession," The Journal.of Modern History,Vol.52,No.4,1980,pp.591-592. (34)Denys Hay,Annalists and Historians:Western Historiography from the Eighth to the Eighteenth Centuries,London:Methuen & Co.Ltd,1977,p.136. (35)Felix Gilbert,Machiavelli and Guicciardini,New York:W.W.Norton & Company,1984,p.295. (36)Koselleck,Futures Past,p.21. (37)Michael Bentley,Modern Historiography:An Introduction,London and New York:Routledge,1999,p.2. (38)梯利:《西方哲学史》,葛力译,北京:商务印书馆,1999年,第421页。 (39)J.Galtung and S.Inayatullah,eds.,Macrohistory and Macrohistorians,Westport:Praeger Publishers,1997,p.34.维柯:《新科学》,朱光潜译,北京:人民文学出版社,1986年,第134-135页。 (40)维柯:《新科学》,第134页。 (41)柯林武德:《历史的观念》,何兆武、张文杰译,北京:中国社会科学出版社,1986年,第74页。 (42)维柯:《新科学》,第459-562页。 (43)Bentley,Modern Historiography,p.8. (44)孔多塞:《人类精神进步史表纲要》,何兆武、何冰译,北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店,1998年。 (45)Peter Burke,"Paradigms Lost:From Gottingen to Berlin," Common Knowledge,Vol.14,Issue 2,Spring 2008,p.250. (46)Donald R.Kelley,Fortunes of History:Historical Inquiry from Herder to Huizinga,New Haven:Yale University Press,2003,p.22. (47)卡尔·洛维特:《世界历史与救赎历史》,第23页。 (48)Koselleck,Futures Past,pp.31-42. (49)伏尔泰:《路易十四时代》,吴模信等译,北京:商务印书馆,1982年,第5页。 (50)Derek Heater,A History of Education for Citizenship,London and New York:Routledge Falmer,2004,p.92. (51)安东尼·德·巴克等:《法国文化史》卷三,朱静等译,上海:华东师范大学出版社,2006年,第256页。 (52)克里斯蒂昂·德拉克鲁瓦、弗朗索瓦·多斯、帕特里克·加西亚:《19-20世纪法国史学思潮》,顾航等译,北京:商务印书馆,2016年,第151页。 (53)Kristina Spohr Readman,"Contemporary History in Europe:From Mastering National Pasts to the Future of Writing the World," Journal of Contemporary History,Vol.46,No.3,July 2011,pp.508-510. (54)关于二战后欧洲各国当代史的兴起,请参阅Readman,"Contemporary History in Europe:From Mastering National Pasts to the Future of Writing the World," pp.512-519. (55)费尔南·布罗代尔:《论历史》,刘北成、周立红译,北京:北京大学出版社,2008年,第76页。 (56)马克·布洛赫:《为历史学辩护》,张和声、程郁译,北京:中国人民大学出版社,2006年,第一章第六节和第七节。 (57)Gonzalo Pasamar,"The Present and the History of the Own Time:a Historical Approach," https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gonzalo_Pasamar/publications. (原文刊于《四川大学学报:哲学社会科学版》2018年第2期) (责任编辑:admin) |