注释: ①Demetrius John Georgacas,"The Names of Constantinople",Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association,Vol.78(1947),pp.347-367. ②Jonathan Harris对这一课题的学术发展史做了全面分析,参见其作品Constantinople:Capital of Byzantium,London; NY:Hambledon Continuum,2007。 ③A.A.Vasiliev,History of the Byzantine Empire,vol.I,Wisconsin,1970,pp.57-60. ④R.M.Dawkins,"Ancient Statues in Mediaeval Constantinople ",Folklore,Vol.35,No.3(Sep.30,1924),pp.209-248. ⑤Salomon Reinach,"Marble Statue of Artemis in the Museum at Constantinople",The American Journal of Archaeology and of the History of the Fine Arts,Vol.1,No.4(Oct.,1885),pp.319-323. ⑥Edward Gibbon,The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire,Chicago,1952,p.239. ⑦Michael Kulikowski,Rome's Gothic Wars:from the Third Century to Alaric,Cambridge University Press,2007,pp.120-124. ⑧Walter Goffart,"Rome,Constantinople,and the Barbarians",The American Historical Review,Vol.86,No.2(Apr.,1981),pp.275-306. ⑨Jonathan Bardill,"The Palace of Lausus and Nearby Monuments in Constantinople:A Topographical Study",American Journal of Archaeology,Vol.101,No.1(Jan.,1997),pp.67-95. ⑩Ian R.Manners,"Constructing the Image of a City:The Representation of Constantinopole in Christopher Buondelmonti's Liber Insularum Archipelapi",Annals of the Association of American Geographers,Vol.87,No.1(Mar.,1997),pp.72-102. (11)Ibid.,p.80. (12)George Young,Constantinople,London:Methuen & Co.,Ltd,1926,p.108. (13)George Young,Constantinople,p.110. (14)学术界推测君士坦丁堡的人口在50万~100万。A.A.Vasiliev,History of the Byzantine Empire,vol.1,p.59. (15)公元前546-前448年,希腊诸城邦联合抗击波斯军队入侵的战争,最终以波斯人势力被迫退出欧洲和爱琴海及沿海地区而告结束。 (16)Strabo,The Textual Tradition of Strabo's Geography,vol.7,Amsterdam,1975,Ⅵ,320.塔西佗:《编年史》,王以铸等译,商务印书馆,1997,卷7,第63节。Herodotus,Herodotus Books,Loeb Series,Ⅳ,144. (17)吉本根据近代考古和古代文献提供的资料,详细地描写了戴氏圈定东方行宫之事,见其《罗马帝国衰亡史》第1卷,商务印书馆,1997,第13章。 (18)Ethnographic Map of the Balkan Peninsula:Constantinople and the Sea of Marmara(electronic resource),Times,London. (19)这里至今仍然是土耳其最活跃的港口之一,它与伊斯坦布尔的商业区连成一片,成为著名的贸易中心。笔者在当地考察时,对该区的繁荣和巨大规模感到惊讶,并联想到拜占庭帝国时代的昌盛。 (20)A.A.Vasiliev,"The Second Russian Attack on Constantinople",Dumbarton Oaks Papers,Vol.6(1951),pp.161-225. (21)Edward Luttwak,The Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire,Cambridge,Mass.:Belknap Press of Harvard University Press,2009,p.302. (22)Edward Luttwak,The Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire,pp.344-346. (23)Adrienne Mayor,Greek Fire,Poison Arrows,and Scorpion Bombs:Biological and Chemical Warfare in the Ancient World,Woodstock:Overlook Duckworth,2003,pp.25-34. (24)乔治·奥斯特洛格尔斯基:《拜占廷帝国》,陈志强译,青海人民出版社,2006,第96~97页。 (25)乔治·奥斯特洛格尔斯基:《拜占廷帝国》,第161~162页。 (26)Adam Smith Albion,Symeon,Tsar of Bulgaria(893-927)as Seen through Byzantine Lenses,Cambridge,1988,p.32. (27)Arzu Ozturkmen,"From Constantinople to Istanbul:Two Sources on the Historical Folklore of a City",Asian Folklore Studies,Vol.61,No.2(2002),pp.271-294. (28)Marlia Mundell Manqo,"The Commercial Map of Constantinople",Dumbarton Oaks Papers,Vol.54(2000),pp.189-207. (29)R.Guilland,"Le Palais de Theodore Metochite",Revue des etudes grecques,Vol.XXXV(1922),pp.82-95. (30)Nikodim Pavlovich Kondakov,The Russian Icon,Prague:Seminarium Kondakovianum,1928-33,p.25. (31)Ormonde Maddock Dalton,Byzantine Art and Archaeology,N.Y.:Dover Publication,1961,p.595. (32)Byzance,Grandeur et Decadence,Paris:Flammarion,1919,p.95. (33)徐家玲、毛欣欣:《〈市政官法〉对君士坦丁堡的城市管理理念》,《经济社会史评论》2018年第4期。 (34)G.Ostrogorsky,"Byzance,paradis du monopole et du privilege",Byzantion,Vol.IX(1934),pp.171-181. (35)Norman H.Baynes,Byzantium:An Introduction to East Roman Civilization,Oxford:The Clarendon Press,1953,p.61.Francois Louis Ganshof,Recherches sur les Capitulaires,Paris:Sirey,1958,p.25. (36)Norman H.Baynes,Byzantium,pp.63-64.乔治·奥斯特洛格尔斯基:《拜占廷帝国》,第208页。 (37)徐家玲、毛欣欣:《〈市政官法〉对君士坦丁堡的城市管理理念》,《经济社会史评论》2018年第4期。 (38)Walter Leaf,"Trade Routes and Constantinople",The Annual of the British School at Athens,Vol.18(1911/1912),pp.301-313. (39)陈志强:《拜占廷帝国史》,商务印书馆,2003,第140~142页。 (40)P.D.Whitting,Byzantine Coins,NY:G.P.Putnam's Sons,1973,pp.68-71.陈志强:《我国所见拜占廷铸币研究》,《考古学报》2004年第3期。 (41)郭云艳博士在其博士学位论文《拜占廷金币及其仿制品研究》中有最详尽的调查,2007年完成,见CNKI学位论文全文库。 (42)这种情况只是对罗斯人、威尼斯人和热那亚人采取的特殊措施。 (43)徐家玲:《早期拜占庭和查士丁尼时代研究》,东北师范大学出版社,1998,第148~151页。 (44)Norman H.Baynes,Byzantium,pp.67-68. (45)陈志强:《拜占廷学研究》,人民出版社,2001,第174~178页。 (46)W.T.Treadgold,A History of the Byzantine State and Scoiety,Stanford,1997,pp.849-851. (47)陈志强:《拜占廷学研究》,第162~169页。 (48)Ramsay MacMullen,Voting about God in Early Church Councils,New Haven:Yale University Press,2006,pp.78-82. (49)Ramsay MacMullen,Voting about God in Early Church Councils,p.98. (50)George P.Majeska,"Notes on the Archeology of St.Sophia at Constantinople",Dumbarton Oaks Papers,Vol.32(1978),pp.299-308. (51)Norman H.Baynes,Byzantium,pp.268-270. (52)陈志强:《盛世余晖:拜占廷文明探秘》,云南人民出版社,2001,第116~119页。 (53)陈志强:《拜占廷学研究》,第63~65页。 (54)Jeanne Tsatsos,Empress Athenais-Eudocia,a Fifth Century Byzantine Humanist:Women.of Byzantium,Brookline,Mass.:Holy Cross Orthodox Press,1977,pp.67-70. (责任编辑:admin) |