（37）Lien-sheng Yang,"Review Heavenly Clockwork:The Great Astronomical Clocks of Medieval China",Journal of the American Oriental Society,Vol.80,No.4,Oct.-Dec. 1960,p.372.
    （38）Albert Feuerwerker & S.Cheng,Chinese Communist Studies of Modern Chinese History,Cambridge,Mass:Harvard University press,1961.
    （39）Deng Siyu,"Review Chinese Communist Studies of Modern Chinese History",Journal of Asian Studies,Vol.21,No.3,May 1962,pp.378-379.
    （40）桑兵：《国学与汉学——近代中外学界交往录》，杭州：浙江人民出版社，1999年，第21页。
    （42）Kenneth S.Lattourette,"Chinese Historical Studies During the Past Nine Years",The American Historical Review,Vol.35,No.4,July 1930,p.796.
    （43）［美］柯文著：《在中国发现历史》，林同奇译，北京：中华书局，2002年，第53页。
    （45）Wolfram Eberhard,"Review Local Government in China Under the Ch'ing",The American Historical Review,Vol.68,No.2,Jan.1963,pp.463-464.
    （46）Michael Gasster,"Review Local Government in China Under the Ch'ing",The Journal of Asian Studies,Vol.23,No.1,Nov.1963,pp.123-124.
    （47）Denis C.Twitchett,"Review Money and Credit in China",The Economic History Review,New Series,Vol. 8,No.1,1955,p.113.
    （48）Karl A.Wittfogel,"Review The Chinese Gentry",The American Historical Review,Vol. 61,No.2,Jan.1956,p.405.
    （49）［美］费正清著：《美国与中国》，孙瑞芹、陈泽宪译，北京：商务印书馆，1973年，第327页。
    （50）W. Allyn Rickett,"Review Rural China:Imperial Control in the Nine-teenth Century",Journal of the American Oriental Society,Vol.82,No.1,Jan-Mar.1962,pp.130-131.
    （51）John K.Fairbank,"Review Rural China:Imperial Control in the Nine-teenth Century",The Journal of Asian Studies,Vol.20,No.4,Aug.1961,pp.520-521.
    （52）Mary C.Wright,"Review Studies on the Population of China,1368-1953",Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies,Vol.23,1960-1961,pp.617-618.
    （53）Jr.E.A.Kracke,"Review The Ladder of Success in Imperial China",The Journal of Asian Studies,Vol. 24,No.1,Nov.1964,p.149.
    （54）Maurice Freedman,"Reivew Rural China:Imperial Control in the Nine-teenth Century",Pacific Reivew,Vol.36,No. 1,Spring 1963,p.88.
    （55）Kenneth E.Folsom,Friends,Guests and Colleagues :The Mu-fu System in the Late Ch'ing Period,Berkeley:University of California Press,1968; Philip A.Kuhn,Rebellion and Its Enemies in Late Imperial China:Militarization and Social Structure,1796 -1864,Cambridge:Harvard University Press,1970; John R.Watt,The District Magistrate in late Imperial China,New York:Columbia University Press,1972; T.A.Metzger,The Internal Organization of Ch'ing Bureaucracy Legal,Nominative and Communication Aspects. Cambridge:Harvard University Press,1973; Jr. Frederic Wakeman and Carolyn Grant,eds.,Conflict and Control in Late Imperial China,Berkeley:University of California Press, 1975; Jonathan D.Spence and Jr.John E.Wills,eds.,From Ming to Ch'ing:Conquest,Region ,and Continuity in Seventeenth-Century China,New Haven,Conn.:Yale University Press,1979.
    （56）John R.Watt,The District Magistrate in Late Imperial China, New York: Columbia University Press,1972,Acknowledgements.
    （57）周一良：《毕竟是书生》，北京：十月文艺出版社，1998年，第173页。