原文参考文献: 〔1〕 约翰·霍普·富兰克林:《美国黑人史》(中译本), 北京:商务印书馆1988年版。 〔2〕 前引书,第376页 〔3〕 Daniel M.Johnson and Ren R.Campbell,Black Migrationin America (North Carolina:Duke University Press,1981),P22. 〔4〕 Theodore Komweibel,Jr.,ed.,In Search of the Promised Land (New York:National University Press,1981),P136. 〔5〕 August Meier,From Plantation to Ghetto (New York,1970),P228. 〔6〕 David Levering Lewis,When Harlem Was in Vogue( NewYork:Alfred A Knopf,1981,P38.) 〔7〕 V.P.Franklin,Blank Self Thetermination:A CulturalHistory of the Faith of the Fathers ( Westport Connecticut,Lawrence Hiu & Company,1984),P.197. 〔8〕 The speech is printed in Robert Hill ed. The Marcus Garvey & Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers( vol.1)PP.212-220. 〔9〕 Amy Jacques Gavvey,Philosophy & Opinions of MarcusGarvey(New York:Athenewm,1969),Vol.2,P.286. 〔10〕 Jervisrson,A.Randolph( New York:Harcurt Brace Jovanorich,Inc.1922),P.122 〔11〕 Rupert Lewis and Bryan Leuis,eds.,Garvey:His Work and impact (New Jersey:Africa World Press,Inc,1991),P.205 〔12〕 Amy Jacques Garvey,op.cit.Vol,Ⅱ,P.68 〔13〕 Claude Mckay,Harlem:Negro Metropolis ( New York:Harcourt Brace Jovanorich Inc.1968)。P.77 〔14〕 Amy Jacgues Garvey,op.cit,vol.I,P.6.
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