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美国政治史的衰落与复兴(18)

(91)学界有时将贝林和伍德等人的政治文化研究与“剑桥学派”相混淆。昆廷·斯金纳曾对自己的路径和方法做过交代,声称自己关注理论文本形成的“更一般的社会和智性基质”,关注思想意识形成和传播的语境;然则他所处理的仍然是思想精英的政治写作。See Quentin Skinner,The Foundations of Modern Political Thought,Cambridge,UK:Cambridge University Press,1978,pp.x-xv;中译文见[英]昆廷·斯金纳著,奚瑞森、亚方译:《近代政治思想的基础》上册,商务印书馆2002年版,第3-9页。
    (92)Jesse Lemisch,Jack Tar vs.John Bull:The Role of New York's Seamen in Precipitating the Revolution,New York:Garland Publishing Inc.,1997.
    (93)Sean Wilentz,Chants Democratic:New York City and the Rise of the American Working Class,1788-1855,New York:Oxford University Press,1984.
    (94)Joyce Appleby,"Republicanism and Ideology," American Quarterly,Vol.37,No.4(Autumn,1985),pp.462-463.
    (95)Kousser,"Toward 'Total Political History'," pp.522-523.
    (96)在“法国政治史的复兴”中,带有政治文化特征的“政治概念史”独张一军,并且显示了构建以政治为基础的新总体史的雄心。参见吕一民、乐启良:《政治的回归》,第126-129页。
    (97)Samuel P.Hays,"Theoretical Implications of Recent Work in the History of American Society and Politics," History and Theory,Vol.26,No.1( Feb.,1987),p.15.
    (98)用勒高夫的话说,这是一种“侧重社会学的政治史”。See Le Goff,"Is Politics Still the Backbone of History?" p.11.
    (99)Hays,"The Social Analysis of American Political History,1880-1920," pp.373,374.
    (100)借用澳大利亚学者亨斯·弗兰克·邦吉欧诺的话说,这种社会政治史可以叫做“来自下层的政治史”(a political history from below)。See Macintyre,"The Rebirth of Political History," p.1.
    (101)李剑鸣:《意识形态与美国革命的历史叙事》,《史学集刊》,2011年第6期,第8-23页。
    (102)Eric Foner,Reconstruction:America's Unfinished Revolution,1863-1877,New York:Harper & Row,Publishers,1988.
    (103)Lizabeth Cohen,A Consumers' Republic:The Politics of Moss Consumption in Postwar America,New York:Alfred A.Knopf,2003.
    (104)Elaine Tyler May,Homeward Bound:American Families in the Cold War Era,New York:Basic Books,1st edition,1988; revised and updated edition,2008,see especially pp.11-12.
    (105)勒高夫说,“教育就是一种权力和一种权力的工具”;又说,在艺术的领域也可以运用政治分析的方法。他的设想对于开拓政治史的题材和路径有一定的启示。Le Goff,"Is Politics Still the Backbone of History?" pp.9,10.
    (106)Nancy Siegel,"Cooking Up American Politics," Gastronomica:The Journal of Food and Culture,Vol.8,No.3(Summer,2008),p.54.
    (107)这方面的代表性著作是Richard E.Neustadt and Ernest R.May,Thinking in Time:The Uses of History for Decision Makers,New York:The Free Press,1986。
    (108)关于政策史的形成和特色的讨论,参见Graham,"The Stunted Career of Policy History," pp.15-37; Donald T.Critchlow,"A Prognosis of Policy History:Stunted:Or Deceivingly Vital? A Brief Reply to Hugh Davis Graham," The Public Historian,Vol.15,No.4(Autumn,1993),pp.50-61; Julian E.Zelizer,"Introduction:New Directions in Policy History," The Journal of Policy History,Val.17,No.1(2005),pp.1-11; Jacob,et al.,eds.,The Democratic Experiment,pp.4-5。
    (109)Critehlow,"A Prognosis of Policy History," p.61.
    (110)Jacob,et al.,eds.,The Democratic Experiment,pp.3-4.
    (111)Lynn Hunt,Inventing Human Rights:A History,New York:W.W.Norton,2007.

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