注释：
    ①Biographical Notices of Szema Tan,and His son Szema Tseen :Chinese Historians.Translated for the Repository From the French of Remusat.The Chinese Repository,Vol.LX,No.4 （August,1840）：210-219.
    ②参见Derk Bodde,China's First Unifier:A Study of the Ch'in Dynasty as Seen in the Life of Li Ssu,Leiden:E.J.Brill,1938; Derk Bodde,Statesman,Patriot,and General in Ancient China:Three Shih-chi Biographies of Ch'in Dynasty,255-206 B.C.New Haven,Conn:American Oriental Society,1940.
    ③Bernhard Karlgren,“Sidelights on Si-ma Ts'ien's Language,” Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities,Vol.42 （1970）：306.
    ④参见William H Nienhauser,“A Century （1895-1995） of Shih chi 史记Studies in the West,” Asian Culture Quarterly,Vol.24,No.1 （1996）。
    ⑤A.F.P.Hulsewe,“The Problem of the Authenticity of Shih-chi 123,the Memoir on Ta Yuan,” T'oung Pao,Vol.61 （1975）：89.
    ⑥A.F.P.Hulsewe,China in Central Asia:The Early Stage 125 B.C.-A.D.23.Leiden:E.J.Brill,1979,pp.12-25.
    ⑦Zongli Lu,“Problems Concerning the Authenticity of Shih chi 123 Reconsidered,” Chinese Literature:Essays,Articles,Reviews,Vol.17 （Dec.1995）：51-68.
    ⑧David B.Honey,“The Han-shu,Manuscript Evidence,and the Textual Criticism of the Shih-chi:The Case of the Hsiung-nu Lieh-Chuan,” Chinese Literature:Essays,Articles,Reviews,Vol.21 （Dec.,1999）：67-97.
    ⑨Martin Kern,“A.Note on the Authenticity and Ideology of Shih-chi 24,The Book on Music,” Journal of the American Oriental Society,Vol.119,No.4（Oct.-Dec.,1999）：673 -677.
    ⑩Martin Kern,“The Biography of Sima Xiangru and the Question of the Fu in Sima Qian's Shiji,” Journal of the American Oriental Society,Vol.123,No.2（Apr.-Jun.,2003）：307.
    （11）William H.Nienhauser （eds）。The Grand Scribe's Records,Vol.2:The Basic Annals of Hart China, Bloomington: Indiana University Press,2002,pp.xiii-xlviii.
    （12）Burton Watson,Ssu-ma Ch'ien:Grand Historian of China,New York:Columbia University Press,1958,p.x.
    （13）Burton Watson,Ssu-ma Ch'ien,pp.129-130.
    （14）Burton Watson,Ssu-ma Ch'ien,pp.104-107.
    （15）Joseph R.Allen,“An Introductory Study of Narrative Structure in the Shiji,” Chinese Literature :Essays,Articles,Reviews, Vol.3（1981）：66.
    （16）参见Vivian-Lee Nyitray,Mirrors of Virtue Four “Shih chi” Biographies,Unpublished Ph.D.dissertation,Stanford University,1990。
    （17）Xiaobin Jian,Spatialization in the Shiji,Unpublished Ph.D.dissertation,Ohio State University,1992,pp.181-185.
    （18）参见Stephen W.Durrant,The Cloudy Mirror:Tension and Conflict in the Writings of Sima Qian ,Albany:State University of New York Press,1995。
    （19）Frank A.Kierman.Ssu-ma Ch'ien's Historiographical Attitude As Reflected in Four Late Warring States Biographies,Wiesbaden:Otto Harrassowitz,1962,p.19.
    （20）David Johnson,“Epic and History in Early China:The Matter of Wu Tzu-hsu,” The Journal of Asian Study,Vol.40,No.2 （Feb.,1951）：258 -268.
    （21）Chauncey S.Goodrich,“Ssu-ma Ch'ien's Biography of Wu Ch'I,” Monumenta Serica,Vol.35 （1982-1983）：214-215.
    （22）Grant Hardy,Objectivity and Interpretation in the Shih chi,Unpublished Ph.D.dissertation,Yale University,1988,pp.342-345.
    （23）Grant Hardy,“Form and Narrative in Ssu-ma Ch'ien's Shih chi,” Chinese Literature:Essays,Articles,Reviews,Vol.14 （1992）：1-23.
    （24）Grant Hardy,“The Interpretive Function of Shih chi 14,The Table by Years of the Twelve Feudal Lords,” Journal of the American Oriental Society,Vol.113,No.1 （1993） :14-24.
    （25）Grant Hardy,“Can an Ancient Chinese Historian Contribute to Modern Western Theory? The Multiple Narratives of Ssu- a Ch'ien,” History and Theory,Vol.33,No.1 （February 1994）：20-38.
    （26）Grant Hardy,Worlds of Bronze and Bamboo:Sima Qian's Conquest of History,New York:Columbia University Press,1999,p.26.
    （27）Hardy Worlds of Bronze and Bamboo,p.x.