注释: ①WSPU成员被捕入狱后采取绝食的方式来抗议,政府当局则采取强制喂食的方法来阻止她们的绝食行动,但此行为遭到了社会舆论的强烈谴责。于是通过了《猫鼠法案》:入狱的妇女若采取绝食行动而导致身体虚弱,就暂时加以释放;一旦出狱后她们体能得以恢复,再重新将其逮捕入狱。 ②WSPU创办的杂志有1907年创办的《给妇女投票》(Votes for Women)及1912年创办的《战斗妇女参政者》(Suffragette)。 ③维多利亚和爱德华时期的英国社会存在相当数量的年长未婚的女性,她们普遍受到社会的歧视,认为她们是没有价值、多余的人。 ④历史学家布莱恩·哈里森(Brian Harrison)和大卫·摩根(David Morgan)均持这种观点。前者著有Peaceable Kingdom: Stabiltry and Change in Modern Britain,后者著有Suffragists and Liberals。 ⑤在《已婚妇女财产权法案》通过之前,无论何种出身的女性,一旦进入婚姻状态即意味着她在法律上的死亡,丧失公民权和财产权,无法自由支配自己的财产。 【参考文献】 [1]Andrew Rosen. Rise up, Women: The Militant Campaign of the Women's Social and Political union 1903~1914 [M]. Routledge, 1974. [2]Marie Mulvey Roberts, Tamae Mizuta. The militant: Christabel Pankhurt[M]. London, 1995. [3]The times, 1908-10-29. [4]Pankhurst Emmeline. My Own Story[M]. N. Y: Hearst International Library, 1914. Kraus Reprints, 1971. [5]Brian Harrison. Peaceable Kingdom: Stability and Change in Modern Britain[M]. Oxford, 1982. [6]The Times, 1914-04-21. [7]Linda G. Ford. Iron-jawed Angels: The Suffrage Militancy of the National Women' Party, 1912~1920[M]. Lanham, 1991. [8]Jane Marcus. Suffrage and the Pankhurst[M]. London, 1987. [9]Harrison. Brian Prudengt Revolutionaries[M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987. [10]Rachel Monaghan. "Vote for Women": An Analysis of the Militant Campaign[J]. Terrorism and Political Violence, 1997(2)。 [11]W. L. O'Neill. The Woman Movement: Feminism in the United States and England[M]. London, 1969. [12]MEPO 2/1488, dated 21 November 1911. [13]John Gale. 50 Years Later the Suffragettes Remember [N]. The Obserer Colour Magazine, 1965-02-07. [14]Constance Rover. Women's Suffrage and Party Politics in Britain,1866~1914[M]. London,1967. [15]The Times, 1913-02-06. [16]The Times, 1914-02-05. [17]David Morgan. Suffragists and Liberals [M]. Oxford, 1975. [18]陆伟芳。英国妇女选举权运动[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2004. [19]Olive Banks. Faces of Feminism: A Study of Feminism as a Social Movement [M]. New York, 1981. [20]Cheryl R. Jorgensen-Earp. Speeches and Trials of the Militant Suffragettes[M]. London,1999. [21]Emmeline Pankhurst 1913 Speech on Women's Suffrage [EB/OL]. http://www. undelete, org/library/library034. html.
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