〔19〕Ahlstrom,A Religious History of the American People,pp.309-310.
    〔20〕Barbara Mackinnon,American Philosophy（Albany:StateUniversity of New York Press,1985），p.5.
    〔21〕Madaras,Taking Sides,p.115.
    〔22〕Ibid.,p.115.
    〔23〕Ibid.,p.115.
    〔24〕Annals of America,Vol.I,p.439.
    〔25〕Madaras Taking Sides,p.116.
    〔26〕Ahlstrom,A Religious History of the American People,p.350.
    〔27〕Alexis de Tocqueville,Democracy in America,ed.by J.P.Mayer（New York:Harper Perennial,1988），p.293.
    〔28〕Ibid.,p.295.
    〔29〕Annals of America,Vol.I,p.345.
    〔30〕Madaras Taking Sides,p.113.
    〔31〕Ibid.,p.113.
    〔32〕Ibid.,p.114.
    〔33〕Ahlstrom,A Religious History of American People,p.291.
    〔34〕Ibid.,p.512.
    〔35〕Madaras Taking Sides,p.112.
    〔36〕Diane Ravitch,The American Reader（New York: Harper Collins Publishers,1990），p.12.
    〔37〕Ibid.,p.13.
    〔38〕Ibid.,p.13.
    〔39〕Ibid.,p.13.
    〔40〕Ibid.,p.14.
    〔41〕Annals of America,Vol.II,p.412.
    〔42〕Nash,From These Beginnings,p.69.
    〔43〕Annals of America,Vol.II,p.541.
    〔44〕Annals of America,Vol.II,p.519.
    〔45〕Annals of America,Vol.II,p.520.