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注释： ①Herman Wouk,“Sadness and Hope:some Thoughts on Modern Warfare”,Naval War College Review,Sep.-Oct.1980,pp.4-12.此文见于：https：//www.usnwc.edu/Publications/Naval-War- College- Review/ArchivedIssues/1980s/1980-September-October.aspx2015年。又见彭成义《被颠倒的“修昔底德陷阱”及其战略启示》，《上海交通大学学报》(哲学社会科学版)2015年第1 期。 ②Graham Allison,Avoiding Thucydides’s Trap,Financial Times(London),August 22,2012.http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/22265/avoiding_thucydidess_trap.html. ③彭成义：《被颠倒的“修昔底德陷阱”及其战略启示》，《上海交通大学学报》(哲学社会科学版)2015年第1期。 ④Graham Allison,The Thucydides Trap:Are the U.S.and China Headed for War? The Atlantic,September 24,2015.Cf.http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/09/united-states-china-war-thucydides-trap/406756/. ⑤修昔底德其实并没有给出他的著作的名称，《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》则是后人给出的名称，也有人认为应该称作《伯罗奔尼撒战争》。——笔者注 ⑥为节省篇幅，下文的伯罗奔尼撒战争简称为“伯战”。——笔者注 ⑦Thuc.I.23.这段话的英译本大同小异，如：“Why they broke treaty and what were the grounds of quarrel I will first set forth,that in time to come no man may be at a loss to know what was the origin of this great war.The real though unavowed cause Ibelieve to have been the growth of the Athenian power,which terrified the Lacedaemonians and forced them into war; but the reasons publicly alleged on either side were as follows.”(Joette译本，Oxford:Clarendon Press,1900.http://classicpersuasion.org/pw/thucydides/thucydides- jowetttoc-b.htm)“To the question why they broke the treaty,I answer by placing first an account of their grounds of complaint and points of difference,that no one may ever have to ask the immediate cause which plunged the Hellenes into a war of such magnitude.The growth of the power of Athens,and the alarm which this inspired in Lacedaemon,made war inevitable.Still it is well to give the grounds alleged by either side which led to the dissolution of the treaty and the breaking out of the war.”(Richard Crawley译本，J.M.Dent and Co.1903.http://levigilant.com/Bulfinch_Mythology/bulfinch.englishatheist.org/crawley/index.html)“The reasons why they broke it and the grounds of their quarrel Ihave first set forth,that no one may ever have to inquire for what cause the Hellenes became involved in so great a war.The truest explanation,although it has been the growth of Athenians to greatness,which brought fear to the Lacedaemonians and forced them to war.But the reasons publicly alleged on either side which led them to break the truce and involved them in the war were as follows.”(Charles Forster Smith 译本，此译本收录于罗伊伯丛书。本文《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》英文本主要参考罗伊伯本，1928年版)这些英译本第一段内容差异较大，其中Joette 的译本比较清楚，大致的意思是：“他们为什么破坏和约，他们争吵的原因何在，这个问题导致整个希腊世界陷入一场规模宏大的战争，却没有人去研究，我先来回答这个问题。”由于这部分内容与修昔底德命题没有直接关联，细节暂不讨论。第二句话的内容基本相同，第三句话大同小异，比较大差异的是allege on 还是allege by，本文从前者。 ⑧Thuc.I.103. ⑨参见萨拉·B.波默罗伊等《古希腊政治、社会和文化史》，傅洁莹等译，上海三联出版社2010年版，第238～241页。 ⑩Thuc.I.101. (11)多利斯位于中部希腊，传说多利斯是斯巴达人的发源地。——笔者注 (12)Thuc.I.114,115. (13)Thuc.I.115,40. (14)Thuc.I.111,112.此时，雅典已经从远征埃及的失败中恢复过来，绕航伯罗奔尼撒半岛，进入科林斯湾，进攻靠近科林斯地峡的西库昂和奥尼阿戴。 (15)Thuc.I.115. (16)Thuc.I.140. (17)Thuc.I.24～40. (18)Thuc.I.56～65. (19)Thuc.I.71. (20)Thuc.I.27,29,46.从后来厄基纳接受科林斯的怂恿，与科林斯一起到斯巴达控诉雅典看，厄基纳暗中也参加了科林斯同盟。 (21)参见拙著《古代斯巴达政制研究》，中央编译出版社2013年版，第138页。 (22)Paul Cartledge,Sparta and Lakonia,London:Routledge & Kegan Paul Led,1979,p.3,p.159. （本文刊于《江海学刊》2016年第4期） (责任编辑：admin) |