[15]Limberger Michael,“No Town in the World Provides More Advantages:Economies of Agglomeration and the Golden Age of Antwerp”,in O’Brien, Patrick,Urban Achievement in Early Modern Europe:Golden Ages in Antwerp,Amsterdam and London,Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2001,p.56. [16]Van der Wee,H.,The Growth of the Antwerp Market and the European Economy(14[th]-16[th]Centuries),p.147. [17]Vermeylen Filip., Painting for the Market,Commercialization of Art in Antwerp‘s Age, Turnhout: Brepols, 2003,p.315. [18]Harreld Donald J.,High Germans in The Low Countries:German Merchants And Commerce In Golden Age Antwerp,p.105. [19]Van Houtte, J.A.,An Economic History of the Low Countries,800-1800,p.137. [20]Graham Darby,The Origins and Development of the Dutch,Amsterdam:Revolt Routledge,2001,p.145. [21]Unger, R.W.,“Integration of Baltic and Low Countries Grain Markets,1400-1800”,in van Winter,J.M.(ed.)The Interactions of Amsterdam and Antwerp with the Baltic Region, 1400-1800,Leiden:Brill,1983,p.45. [22][英]波斯坦(Postan)著,钟和译:《剑桥欧洲经济史》第2卷,经济科学出版社2003年版,第374页。 [23]Gelderblom Oscar.,“From Antwerp to Amsterdam:The Contribution of Merchants from the Southern Netherlands to the Rise of the Amsterdam Market,”Review,A Journal of the Fernand Braudel Center for the Study of Economies,Historical Systems,and Civilizations,No.23,2003,p.247. [24]Van Tielhof Milja,The“Mother of All Trades”: The Baltic Grain Trade in Amsterdam from the Late 16[th] to the Early 19[th] Century,p.412. [25]Van Tielhof Milja, The“Mother of All Trades”: The Baltic Grain Trade in Amsterdam from the Late 16[th] to the Early 19[th] Century,p.413. [26]Gelderblom Oscar,and Joost Jonker,“Amsterdam as the Cradle of Modern Futures Trading and Options Trading,1550-1650”,in Goetzmann, W.N.and Rouwenhorst, K.G.(eds.),The Origins of Value,The Financial Innovations that Created Modern Capital Markets,Oxford:Oxford University Press,2005,p.68. [27]Dijkman Jessica Giles Sylvester,An English Merchant in Amsterdam,Utrecht:Utrecht University Press,2003,p.32. [28]Israel,J.I.,The Dutch Republic.Its Rise,Greatness,and Fall,1477-1806,Oxford:Oxford University Press,1998,p.247. [29]Vlessing Odette,“The Portuguese-Jewish Mercantile Community in Seventeenth-Century Amsterdam”,in Lesger, C.,and Noordegraaf,L.,Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurship in Early Modern Times:Merchants and Industrialists within the Orbit of the Dutch Staple Market,The Hague: Drukkeij Smits, 2001,p.241. [30]Mauro,F.,“Merchant Communities,1350-1750”,In:James D.Tracy(ed),The Rise of Merchant Empires:Long-Distance Trade in the Early Modern World 1350-1750,Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1990,p.13.
(责任编辑:admin) |