注释：
    ①美国学者瓦尔达夫斯基提出，总统在外交事务上和国内政治上扮演着两种不同的角 色：在外交上，总统权力大，起主导作用；而在国内事务上，国会权力大于总统。见Aa ron Wildavsky.The Two Presidencies.Aaron Wildavsky,edPerspectives on the P residency.Boston:Little Brown,1975.
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