注释: ①Demosthenes De Falsa Legatione, 184, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, 1926. ②Omar Swartz, The Rise of Rhetoric and Its Intersections with Contemporary Critical Thought, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998, p. 32. ③J. J. Murphy, " The Origins and Early Development of Rhetoric, " J. J. Murphy( ed. ) , A Synoptic History of Classical Rhetoric, New York: Hermagoras Press, 1983, p. 3. ④周作人:《〈修辞学〉序》,《看云集》,石家庄:河北教育出版社,2002年,第85页。 ⑤Lucian, Herodotus, 1-2, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, 1959. ⑥荷马:《伊利亚特》IV,322-324,罗念生、王焕生译,北京:人民文学出版社,1997年。 ⑦修昔底德:《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》,谢德风译,北京:商务印书馆,1978年,第133页。 ⑧参见Barry S. Strauss, " The Athenian Trireme, School of Democracy, " Josiah Ober, Charles Hedrick ( eds. ) , Dēmokratia: A Conversation on Democracies, Ancient and Modern, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996, p. 322. ⑨Aristophanes, Ecclesiazusae, Moses Hadas( ed. ) , The Complete Plays of Aristophanes, London: Bantam Books, 1962, p. 426. ⑩修昔底德:《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》,第132页。 (11)Rosalind Thomas, " Literacy and the City-State in Archaic and Classical Greece, " Alan K. Bowman, Greg Woolf, Literacy and Power in the Ancient World, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994, p. 34. (12)一般认为古希腊最早建立民主政治的城邦是开俄斯。参见James L. O' Neil, The Origins and Development of Ancient Greek Democracy, Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 1995, pp. 22-39. (13)亚里士多德:《政治学》1317[,ь]2-3,吴寿彭译,北京:商务印书馆,1965年。 (14)M. I. Finley, Politics in the Ancient World, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983, p. 28. (15)公元前427年,平定密提林暴动后,雅典人召开公民大会讨论如何处置密提林战俘问题,大会通过了克里昂的提议,决定处死密提林全体成年男子,而把妇女和未成年的男女都变为奴隶。但是后来,雅典人又召开了第二次公民大会,决定对这一决议重新进行讨论、表决。具体情形详见后文。参见修昔底德:《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》,第204-215页。 (16)Demosthenes, Olynthiac III, A. N. W. Saunders( ed. ) , Greek Political Oratory, Penguin Books, 1978, p. 219. (17)M. H. Hansen, The Athenian Democracy in the Age of Demosthenes, Oxford: Blackwell, 1991, p. 180. (18)Plato, Gorgias, 454[,ь]-e, The Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, 1925. (19)周作人:《关于卢奇安》,《知堂书话》(下),钟叔河编,长沙:岳麓书社,1986年,第1548页。 (20)希罗多德:《历史》V,97,王嘉隽译,北京:商务印书馆,1959年。 (21)修昔底德:《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》,第98-99页。 (22)修昔底德:《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》,第104页。
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