(26)H.C.Darby,Domesday England,Cambridge:University Press,1977,pp.270-271. (27)John Langdon,Mills in Medieval Economy,England 1300-1540,pp.35、40-41、46. (28)Adam Robert Lucas,“Industrial Mulling in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds:A Survey of the Evidence for a Industrial Revolution in Medieval Europe,”Technology and Culture,vol.46,no.1(Jan.,2005),pp.15,18. (29)林恩·怀特(小):“第四章500-1500年 技术的扩展”,(意)卡洛·M.奇波拉主编:《欧洲经济史》第一卷,中世纪时期,第120页。 (30)Adam Robert Lucas,“Industrial Mulling in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds:A Survey of the Evidence for a Industrial Revolution in Medieval Europe,”Technology and Culture,vol.46,no.1(Jan.,2005),pp.15-16. (31)Richard Holt,The Mills of Medieval England,p.148. (32)Richard Holt,The Mills of Medieval England,pp.148-149. (33)Adam Robert Lucas,“Industrial Mulling in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds:A Survey of the Evidence for a Industrial Revolution in Medieval Europe,”Technology and Culture,vol.46,no.1(Jan.,2005),pp.7-8. (34)Richard Holt,The Mills of Medieval England,pp.150-152. (35)Adam Robert Lucas,“Industrial Mulling in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds:A Survey of the Evidence for a Industrial Revolution in Medieval Europe,”Technology and Culture,vol.46,no.1(Jan.,2005),p.16. (36)R.H.Hilton,The English Peasantry in the Later Middle Ages,Oxford:Clarendon Press,1975,p.208. (37)N.J.G.Pounds,An Economic History of Medieval Europe,London:Longman Group Limited,1974,pp.323-325. (38)Carlo M.Cipolla,Before the Industrial Revolution,European Society and Economy,1000-1700,Second Edition,New York and London:W.W.Norton & Company,1980,p.171.伦纳德认为,林肯郡贝恩河畔的柯克比(Kirkby-on-Bain)和威尔特郡的海克罗夫特(Heycroft)分别在1154和1174年提到漂洗机〔R.V.Lennard,“Early English Fulling Mills,Additional Examples,”Economic History Review,17(1947),pp.142-143.〕,因而英格兰可能在12世纪80年代以前的几十年已建造了漂洗机。 (39)Jean Gimpel,The Medieval Machine:The Industrial Revolution of the Middle Ages,p.15. (40)埃莉诺拉·卡格斯-威尔逊:“第九章毛纺业”,M.M.波斯坦、爱德华·米勒主编,钟和、张四齐、晏波、张金秀译,王春法、赵海波校订:《剑桥欧洲经济史》第二卷,经济科学出版社2004年版,第560页。 (41)E.M.Carus-Wilson,“An Industrial Revolution of the Thirteenth Century,”The Economic History Review,vol.11,no.1,1941,pp.49,50. (42)埃莉诺拉·卡格斯-威尔逊:“第九章毛纺业”,M.M.波斯坦、爱德华·米勒主编:《剑桥欧洲经济史》,第二卷,第559页。 (43)John Langdon,“Water-Mills and Windmills in West Midlands,1086-1500,”Economic History Review,2[nd] ser.,44(1991),p.441. (44)John Langdon,Mills in Medieval Economy,England 1300-1540,p.35,Table 2.2. (45)John Langdon,Mills in Medieval Economy,England 1300-1540,p.35,Table 2.2. (46)Adam Robert Lucas,“Industrial Mulling in the Ancient and Medieval Worlds:A Survey of the Evidence for a Industrial Revolution in Medieval Europe,”Technology and Culture,vol.46,no.1(Jan.,2005),pp.15-16,18. (47)Richard Holt,The Mills of Medieval England,p.36. (48)Edward Miller and John Hatcher,Medieval England:Towns,Commerce and Crafts,London and New York:Longman,1995,p.7. (49)Richard Holt,“Whose Were the Profits of Corn Milling? An Aspect of the Changing Relationship between the Abbots of Glastonbury and Their Tenants 1086-1350,”Past & Present,no.116 (Aug.,1987),p.12. (50)Richard Holt,“Whose Were the Profits of Corn Milling? An Aspect of the Changing Relationship between the Abbots of Glastonbury and Their Tenants 1086-1350,”Past & Present,no.116 (Aug.,1987),pp.6-7.
(责任编辑:admin) |