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注释： ①W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327,Cambridge:The Medieval Academy of America,1939; W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England,1327-1534,Cambridge:The Medieval Academy of America,1962. ②F.M.Powicke,King Henry III and the Lord Edward,the Community of the Realm in the Thirteenth Century,Oxford:Oxford University Press,1947,p.348. ③刘城：《英国中世纪教会研究》，北京：首都师范大学出版社1996年版，第5-6页；刘城：《中世纪欧洲的教皇权与英国王权》，《历史研究》1998年第1期。 ④龙秀清：《中古教廷财政收入动态考察》，《历史研究》2001年第1期；龙秀清：《西欧社会转型中的教廷财政》，济南：济南出版社2001年版，第53-54页。 ⑤孟广林：《英国封建王权论稿：从诺曼征服到大宪章》，北京：人民出版社2002年版，第254-256页。 ⑥彭小瑜：《中世纪西欧教会法对教会与国家关系的理解和规范》，《历史研究》2000年第2期；另见彭小瑜：《教会法研究》，北京：商务印书馆2003年版，第221页。 ⑦刘城：《英国教会史论文集》，北京：首都师范大学出版社2014年版，第49页。 ⑧Z.N.Brooke,The English Church and the Papacy:From the Conquest to the Reign of John,Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1989,pp.215-216. ⑨C.H.Lawrence ed.,The English Church and The Papacy in the Middle Ages,New York:Fordham University Press,1965,pp.95. ⑩有关背景参见迈克尔·V.C.亚历山大著，林达丰译：《英国早期历史中的三次危机》，北京：北京大学出版社2008年版，第80-82页。 (11)迈克尔·V.C.亚历山大：《英国早期历史中的三次危机》，第82-85页。 (12)彼得便士是英国从盎格鲁—萨克逊时代就开始向罗马教廷缴纳的一种贡金，但每年实际交到罗马的数额很少。见龙秀清：《西欧社会转型中的教廷财政》，第55-60页。 (13)W.E.Lunt,Papacy Revenues in the Middle Ages,Vol.2,New York:Columbia University Press,1934,pp.46-48. (14)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),London:Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd.1953,p.136. (15)Roger of Wendover,Flowers of History:The History of England from the Descent of the Saxons to A.D.1235,Vol.II,transl.by J.A.Giles,London:Henry G.Bohn,1849,pp.265-268. (16)Roger of Wendover,Flowers of History:The History of England from the Descent of the Saxons to A.D.1235,Vol.II,p.270. (17)伏尔泰：《风俗论》(上册)，梁守锵译，北京：商务印书馆2013年版，第618页。 (18)Roger of Wendover,Flowers of History:The History of England from the Descent of the Saxons to A.D.1235,Vol.II,pp.258,270. (19)W.L.Warren,King John,Berkeley:University of California Press,1978,p.209. (20)W.E.Lunt,Papacy Revenues in the Middle Ages,Vol.1,New York:Columbia University Press,1934,p.64. (21)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.117. (22)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.131. (23)当时的编年史家称协议中有关献土的条款是在罗马拟好的，但也有编年史家说完全是约翰主动加上的。很多学者认为，分析当时的环境，后者更可信，因为约翰要争取教皇化敌为友，必须让他们之间有比法国“更特别的纽带”。参见Kate Norgate,John Lackland,London:MacMillan,1902,pp.180-181.但伦特推测英诺森三世口头提出了臣服要求，不过他承认并没有任何现存官方档案证据。Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327,p.136. (24)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.149.此处英诺森三世借用了《出埃及记》第十九章第六节和《彼得前书》第二章第九节的典故。 (25)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.，Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),pp.177-178.另见Brian Tierney，The Crisis of Church & State,1050-1300,New Jersey：Prentice-Hall，1980，pp.135-136. (26)彭小瑜：《中世纪西欧教会法对教会与国家关系的理解和规范》，第129-132页。 (27)如英诺森三世1213年7月6日致约翰的信中，就把这笔钱表述为“Sub annuo censu septingentarum marcharum de anglia et de Hybernia trecentarum”，见C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.149. (28)弗朗索瓦·冈绍夫，张绪山、卢兆瑜译：《何为封建主义》，北京：商务印书馆2016年版，第33页。 (29)W.E.Lunt,Papacy Revenues in the Middle Ages，Vol.1,p.63. (30)现存文件中并没有约翰请求派遣使节的证据，可能是约翰派出的代表口头表达了遣使之求。见C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.150. (31)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),pp.149-151. (32)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.153. (33)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.154. (34)Kate Norgate,John Lackland,p.184. (35)Kate Norgate,John Lackland,p.178. (36)Roger of Wendover,Flowers of History:The History of England from the Descent of the Saxons to A.D.1235,Vol.II,p.263. (37)Kate Norgate,John Lackland,p.185. (38)Frank McLynn,Richard and John:Kings at War,Cambridge(MA):Da Capo Press,2007,pp.397,400. (39)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.184. (40)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.194. (41)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.196. (42)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.202. (43)迈克尔·V.C.亚历山大：《英国早期历史中的三次危机》，第93页。 (44)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),p.207. (45)这一更正式的特许状是约翰在1213年10月3日签署的。见W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327,p.136. (46)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),pp.212,215,216. (47)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),pp.217-9. (48)C.R.Cheney & W.H.Semple eds.,Selected Letters of Pope Innocent III concerning England(1198-1216),pp.221,227. (49)Margaret Deanesly,A History of The Medieval Church:590-1500,London:Methuen & Co Ltd.,1969,p.144. (50)Kate Norgate,The Minority of Henry III,London:MacMillan,1912,p.4. (51)Kate Norgate,The Minority of Henry III,London:MacMillan,pp.105,112. (52)参见蔺志强：《在专制与宪政之间——亨利三世时代的英国王权运作》，广州：中山大学出版社2016年版，第39-40页。 (53)Kate Norgate,The Minority of Henry III,London:MacMillan,1912,p.173. (54)参见Kate Norgate,The Minority of Henry III,London:MacMillan,1912,pp.202-203,286-290; D.A.Carpenter,The Minority of Henry III,London:Methuen,1990,pp.301-303. (55)Matthew Paris,Matthew Paris’s English History from the Year 1235 to 1273,Vol.I,trans.,by J.A.Giles,London:Henry G.Bohn,1852,1,p.68. (56)W.E.Lunt,Papacy Revenues in the Middle Ages,Vol.1,p.39. (57)W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327,p.574. (58)W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327,Appendix II:List of Collectors,pp.610-624. (59)Robert Brentano,Two Churches:England and Italy in the Thirteenth Century,Berkeley:University of California Press,1988,p.213. (60)M.T.Clanchy,England and Its Rulers,1066-1307,Fourth Edition,Chichester:Viley Blackwell,2014,p.252. (61)Matthew Paris’s English History:from the Year 1235 to 1273,trans.by J.A.Giles,Vol.II,pp.239-242. (62)J.C.Dickinson,An Ecclesiastical History of England:The Later Middle Ages,New York:Barnes & Noble Books,1979,p.233. (63)W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327,p.157. (64)W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327,p.167. (65)W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England,1327-1534,p.67. (66)W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England,1327-1534,p.66. (67)W.H.Bliss ed.,Calendar of Entries in the Papal Registers Relating to Great Britain and Ireland,Papal Letters,Vol.II.1305-1342,London:Eyre and Spottiswoode,1895,p.128. (68)G.H.Martin ed.& Trans.,Knighton’s Chronicle,1337-1396,Oxford:Clarendon Press,1995,p.52. (69)G.H.Martin ed.& Trans.,Knighton’s Chronicle,1337-1396,p.159. (70)Lunt,W.E.,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England,1327-1534,pp.68-69. (71)Mark Ormrod ed.,The Parliament Rolls of Medieval England,1275-1504,Vol.Ⅴ,London:The Boydell Press,2005,p.189. (72)Mark Ormrod ed.,The Parliament Rolls of Medieval England,1275-1504,Vol.Ⅴ,p.194. (73)Mark Ormrod ed.,The Parliament Rolls of Medieval England,1275-1504,Vol.Ⅴ,p.194. (74)Mark Ormrod ed.,The Parliament Rolls of Medieval England,1275-1504,Vol.Ⅴ,p.131. (75)Mark Ormrod ed.,The Parliament Rolls of Medieval England,1275-1504,Vol.Ⅴ,pp.172-173. (76)W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England,1327-1534,p.349. (77)相关讨论见W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327,p.138. (78)Kate Norgate,John Lackland,p.182. (79)迈克尔·V.C.亚历山大：《英国早期历史中的三次危机》，第83 页。 (80)W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England,1327-1534,p.70. (81)W.E.Lunt,Financial Relations of the Papacy with England,1327-1534,pp.71-73. （本文原刊于《暨南学报：哲学社会科学版》2017年第8期） (责任编辑：admin) |