④吉本详细描述了末代帝国拥护两大教会合并的“统一派”与拥护“永久分裂”的“分裂派”之间的较量。Edward Gibbon,The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire,London:George Bell and Sons,1889,VII,pp.259～262.奥斯特洛格尔斯基认为“拜占廷民众极为愤怒……他们对这个违背其宗教感情的事件的仇恨就越带有感情色彩”。Geory Ostrogorsky,Byzantinische Geschichte,324-1453,Munchen:Verlag C.H.Beck OHG,1996，《拜占廷帝国》，陈志强译，西宁：青海人民出版社2006年，第468页。几乎所有拜占廷史专家都有类似的叙述，参见John J.Norwich,A Short History of Byzantium,New York:A Division of Random House,Inc.,1997,pp.373～375.L.Brehier,The Life and Death of Byzantium,trans.Margaret Vaughan,Amsterdam:North-Holland Publishing Company,1977,pp.361～363.S.Runceman,The Fall of Constantinople,1453,Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1965,p.178.John Freely,Istanbul,the imperial city,London:Penguin Books Ltd.,1996,p.173.W.Treadgold,A History of the Byzantine State and Society,pp.824～825.巴图西斯还具体提到了1452年末前往君士坦丁堡举行教会合并盛典的教宗代表团。M.C.Bartusis,The Late Byzantine Army,Arms and Society,1204-1453,p.127.瓦西列夫则以大量篇幅详细介绍了这一事件的来龙去脉。A.A.Vasiliev,History of the Byzantine Empire,324-1453,Madison:The University of Wisconsin Press,1958,II,pp.657～676.末代帝国研究最知名的专家尼科对此也有细致的描述。Donald M.Nicol,The Immortal Emperor:The Life and Legend of Constantine Palaiologos,Last Emperor of the Romans,Cambridge,Eng.:Cambridge University Press,1992,pp.49～51.他的另一部作品中也有章节涉及这个问题。D.M.Nicol,The Last Centuries of Byzantium,1972.本文所涉及的民众精神状态，上述作品都没有提及。
    ⑤斯弗兰齐斯(Sphrantzes)是皇帝的亲信近臣，在最后一战中时刻陪伴在皇帝身边，是重要目击证人。George Sphrantzes,The Fall of the Byzantine Empire,A Chronicle by G.Sphrantzes,1401-1477,Amherst:The University of Massachusetts Press,p.121.
    ⑥莱奥纳多一直随守军指挥官之一的伊塞多利枢机主教奋战在城头，其信件留下了很多珍贵的信息。参见根据Vatican ms.Lat.4137号档案整理出来的J.P.Migne,Patrologia Graeca 159,cols 923-943，以及意大利文版本F.Sansovino,Historia Universale dell'Origine et Imperio de Turchi,Book III,pp.304～313.,col.927.转引自The Siege of Constantinople 1453:Seven Contemporary Accounts,pp.13,19,25.
    ⑦杜卡斯是教会合并计划的坚定支持者，一直参与抵抗土耳其军事进攻的策划指挥。君士坦丁堡陷落后，他逃亡莱斯伯岛并保留了相关史料。Doukas's Decline and Fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks,an annotated translation of "Historia Turco-Byzantina" by Harry J.Magoulias,Wayne State University,Detroit:Wayne State University Press,1975,XXXVIII,3-4,pp.207～210.
    ⑧The Siege of Constantinople 1453:Seven Contemporary Accounts,p.26.
    ⑨尼科洛·巴尔巴洛(Nicolo Barbaro)在城破之际乘乱逃亡，他的日记详细记载战役进程，十分珍贵。Nicolo Barbaro,Diary of the Siege of Constantinople,1453,trans.by J.R.Jones,New York:Exposition Press,1969,p.60.
    ⑩George Sphrantzes,The Fall of the Byzantine Empire,A Chronicle by G.Sphrantzes,1401-1477,p.124.
    (11)George Sphrantzes,The Fall of the Byzantine Empire,A Chronicle by G.Sphrantzes,1401-1477,pp.99,103.
    (12)(13)The Siege of Constantinople 1453:Seven Contemporary Accounts,pp.25,26,29,31.
    (14)George Sphrantzes,The Fall of the Byzantine Empire,A Chronicle by G.Sphrantzes,1401-1477,p.105.
    (15)Nicolo Barbaro,Diary of the Siege of Constantinople,1453,pp.32,45.
    (16)George Sphrantzes,The Fall of the Byzantine Empire,A Chronicle by G.Sphrantzes,1401-1477,p.128.
    (17)Doukas's Decline and Fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks,p.218.
    (18)George Sphrantzes,The Fall of the Byzantine Empire,A Chronicle by G.Sphrantzes,1401-1477,p.122.