〔19〕Nathan Glazer and Daniel Patrick Moynihan, "Beyondthe Melting Pot" （Cambridge,Mass,1970），p.48.
    〔20〕Stokely Carmichael and Charles V Hamilton, "BlackPower:The Politics of Liberation in America" （new york,1965），p.157.
    〔21〕"New York Times",May 4,1967,p.23.
    〔22〕弗·斯卡皮蒂：《美国社会问题》（刘泰新、张世灏译），中国社会科学出版社，1986年中译本，第176页。
    〔23〕Willhelm Powell,"Who Needs Negroes?" p.76.
    〔24〕Carmichael Hamilton,"Black Power",p.159.
    〔25〕Jacqueline Jones,"Labor of Love, Labor of Sorrow:Black Women Work and the Family from Slavery to the Present"（New York,1985），p.234.
    〔26〕Lerone Bennett,Jr., "The Shaping of Black America"（New York,1975） p.275.
    〔27〕Herbert Hill,"Racial Inequality in Employment: ThePatterns of Discrimmination" j,in "Annals of the AmericanAcadeny of Political and Social Science" 30 （1965），p.357.
    〔28〕Mary Frances Berry and Jone W Blassingaine, "LongMemory:The Black Experience in America" （ Oxford universitypress,1982），p.199.
    〔29〕Labor Market Problems of Selected Firms Manufacturi-ng Radio and Radar Equipment,January 11,1943,Industry Labor Market Report",Box 650,R,G.211,National Archives.
    〔30〕乔安妮·格兰特：《美国黑人斗争史》（郭瀛译），中国社会科学出版社1987年中译本，第549页。
    〔31〕Raphael J.Soneshein,"Politics in Black and White:Race and Power in Los Angles" （Princeton Univ press,1993） p.532.
    〔32〕Bennett,"The Shaping of Black America" p.275.
    〔33〕Raphael J.Soneshein,"Politics in Black and White",p.23.
    〔34〕 William J.Wilson,"Power,Racism and privilege" （New York,1973） p.59.
    〔35〕willhelm powell,"Who Needs the Negroes?" p.77.
    〔36〕"New York Times",August 15,1966,p.20.
    〔37〕斯卡皮蒂：《美国社会问题》前引书，第33页。
    〔38〕斯卡皮蒂，前引书，第33页。
    〔39〕戴维·理，前引书，第259～260页。
    〔40〕Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders,p.302.
    〔41〕The Economics,March 30April 5,1991,p.18.
    〔42〕New York Times,March 29,1992,sec.4.p.16.