注释: ①这份文件是公元前407年埃勒凡塔祭司给当时波斯帝国在犹大的总督写的一封书信,在信中追溯了神庙的创建历史,见J.B.Pritchard ed.,Ancient Near Eastern Texts,2[nd] edition,Princeton:Princeton University Press,1955,p.492。 ②E.C.B.MacLaurin,"Date of the Foundation of the Jewish Colony at Elephantine",Journal of Near Eastern Studies,Vol.27,No.2 (1968),p.89. ③J.R.哈里斯著,田明等译:《埃及的遗产》,上海:上海人民出版社,2006年,第210页。 ④The Holy Bible.New International Version,Grand Rapids,MI.:Zondervan Publishing House,2001,p.391. ⑤The Holy Bible.New International Version,p.212. ⑥Pritchard ed.,Ancient Near Eastern Texts,p.285. ⑦Pritchard ed.,Ancient Near Eastern Texts,p.296. ⑧A.C.PierKorn,Historical Prism Inscription Ashurbanipal,Vol.1,Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,1933,pp.14-15. ⑨D.B.Redford,The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt,Vol.2,Oxford:Oxford University Press,2001,p.269. ⑩J.H.Breasted,Ancient Records of Egypt,Vol.4,Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,1906,§994. (11)希罗多德著,王以铸译:《历史》(上册),北京:商务印书馆,1997年,第179-180页。 (12)D.B.Redford,Egypt,Canaan,and Israel in Ancient Times,Princeton:Princeton University Press,1992,p.443.《旧约·耶利米书》44:1提到,犹太王国灭亡之后,移居埃及的犹太人,居住在下埃及的米格多、答比匿(Tahpanhes)、孟菲斯,上埃及巴忒罗(Pathros)。显然,这些定居点在亡国之前就已经在埃及存在了。 (13)D.B.Redford,The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt,Vol.3,Oxford:Oxford University Press,2001,pp.151-152. (14)H.St.Thackeray,The letter of Aristeas,London:Macmillan Company,1917,p.13. (15)The Holy Bible.New International Version,p.106. (16)加拿大著名埃及学家雷德福认为,《旧约·列王记下》所记载的在犹太国王约西亚统治的第八年(公元前623年),在耶路撒冷的犹太神庙中发现了“律法书”,这无疑是《申命记》的早期版本。而律法书与《申命记》提到的派遣犹太去埃及,很可能发生在犹太国王玛拿西和亚门(公元前642-前640年)的统治时期,这与26王朝法老普撒美提克一世推行雇佣兵制度的时间相合。具体参见Redford,Egypt,Canaan,and Israel in Ancient Times,p.444。 (17)J.M.Modrzejewski,The Jews of Egypt,From Rameses II to Hadrian,Illinois:Varda Books,2001,p.23;莫德认为,由于犹太王国内部的宗教不宽容使得许多犹太人离开巴勒斯坦远赴他乡,参见R.H.Mode,"The Assuan Aramaic Papyri",The Biblical World,Vol.29,No.4 (1907),p.306。 (18)The Holy Bible.New International Version,p.258,p.217. (19)The Holy Bible.New International Version,p.218. (20)J.B.Pritchard (ed.),Ancient Near Eastern Texts,p.322. (21)The Holy Bible.New International Version,p.403. (22)A.Cowley,Aramaic Papyri of the Fifth Century B.C.,Oxford:The Clarendon Press,1923,p.xvi; Modrzejewski,The Jews of Egypt,From Rameses II to Hadrian,p.26.
(责任编辑:admin) |