注释: ① 如:C.S.Orwin,Observations on the Open Fields [J].The Economic History Review,Vol.8,No.2(May,1938); Warren O.Ault,Open-Field Farming in Medieval England A Study of Village By-Laws [M].London and New York:George Allen and Unwin Ltd; Jreome Blum,The Internal Structure and Polity of the European Village Community from the Fifteenth to the Nineteenth Century[J].The Journal of Modem History,Vol.43,No.4(Dec.,1971)。 ② 本人是通过对W.O.Ault,Open-Field Husbandry and the Village community一书中所提供的村规档案进行统计的。 ③ 指持有一威尔格(30英亩)土地的惯例佃农。 ④ 这个庄园是1065年由忏悔者爱德华赠与威斯敏斯特修道院的,在13世纪时有35个威尔格和9块小田地。都是由惯例佃农来持有的,在15世纪之前,那里没有自由持有农。 原文参考文献: [1]R.H.Hilton,A Crisis of Feudalism[J].Past and Present,No.80(Aug.,1978). [2]赵文洪.中世纪欧洲村庄自治[J].世界历史,2007(3). [3]赵文洪.庄园法庭、村规民约与中世纪欧洲“公地共同体”[J].历史研究,2007(4). [4]W.O.Atilt,Open-field Fainting in Medieval EnglanD:A Study of Village By-laws [M].London:George Alien and Unwin Ltd 1972. [5]Scrutton,Commons and Common Fields [M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1887. [6]E.MiLLer.& J.Hatcher,Medieval England Rural Society and Economic Change 1086-1348[M].Longma:the University of Californian,1978. [7]W.O.Ault,Open-field Husbandry and the village Community:A Study of Agrarian By-laws in Medieval England[M].Philadelphia:The American Philosophical Society,1965. [8]Maitland,History of English Law[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1898. [9]波斯坦等主编,王春法等译欧洲经济史[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002. [10]关于富裕农民的兴起,详见侯建新社会转型时期的西欧与中国[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005(11). [11]R.H.Hilton,The English Peasantry in the Later Middle ages[M].Oxford:Clarendon press,1975.
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