注释：
    ① Donald Worster,“Doing Environmental History”，in Donald Worster,ed.,The Ends of the Earth:Perspectives on Modem Environmental History,Cambridge University Press,1988,pp.290-292.
    ② W.Jeffery Bolster,“Opportunities in Marine Environmental History”，Environmental History,11 July 2006.
    ③ W.Jeffery Bolster,“Opportunities in Marine Environmental History”，Environmental History,11 July 2006.
    ④ W.Jeffery Bolster,“Opportunities in Marine Environmental History”，Environmental History,11 July 2006.
    ⑤ 这些报告包括：John Gillis,“From Ecotone to Edge:the Changing Nature of a Coastal Environment”；Tsuo - ming Hsu,“The History of Taiwan's Fishing Ports and the Imagination of the Sea Along the Number 2 Road of Taiwan”； Chris Smout,“Towards an Ecohistory of the Firth of Forth”； Jacob Hamblin,“Guardians of the Atlantic:Ocean Pollution and NATO Environmentalism in the Cold War”； Tuomas Rsnen,“Pollution of the Baltic Sea by Toxic Substances”； Simo Laakkonen,“Interdisciplinary Sources and Methods to Examine Environmental History of Seas and Oceans”。
    ⑥ 这些报告包括：Levasseur Olivier,“Duhamel du Monceau and the‘Traité Général des Pêches' :An Essential Source for the Study of Global Fisheries during the 18th Century” ; Dean Bavington,“Fishy Populations:Maximum Sustainable Yield and the Demographic Paradigm in World Fisheries”； Karen Oslund,“Global Whaling Politics in the North Atlantic and South Pacific”； Tim Sistrunk,“The Fish of the Sea in Late Medieval law”； Peder Roberts,“All the Empire's Whales:Scientists,Bureaucrats,and the Construction of an Antarctic Marine Environment,1913- 1939”； Anne Husnm Marboe,Poul Holm,and Peter Calow,“The Impact of Cultural Values on Marine Environment Conservation”。
    ⑦ 这是卡罗琳·麦茜特和泰德·斯坦博格同时在2002年所总结的，参见：Carolyn Merchant,The Columbia Guide to American Environmental History,New York:Columbia University Press,2002,xiii; Ted Steinberg,Down to Earth :Nature' s Role in American History,NewYork:Oxford University Press,2002,ix.
    ⑧ 这些报告包括：Karin Winklhoefer,“Biological and Chemical Research on Water Bodies in Berlin in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century”； Alejandro Torres- Abreu,“Lessons from the Superpipe:Water Infrastructares and Consumption Dynamics in Modem Puerto Rico”； Paul Jackson,“Filthy Cities,Filthy Swamps:Cholera and the Transformation of Toronto's Waterfront in the Late Nineteenth Century”； Stephane Frioux,and Jean- Franc ois Malange,“Water Purity in France in the‘Belle Epoque’：Local Solutions to a Global - scale Problem”； Harold Platt,“Watering the Mega- City:Energy and Environment in Los Angeles,Mexico City,and San Paulo”； Ana Britto,“Urban Infrastructure and Environment in Question:the Different Paradigms Concerning Sanitation that Oriented the Historical Evolution of Urban Water Management in Brazilian Cities”。
    ⑨ 这些报告包括：Kristina Soderholm,“Sustainability and Swedish Household Consumption since the 1950s”； Tom McCarthy,“Cars,Con sumer Psychology,and the Environment”；Hilde Ibsen,“Environment,Consumption and Citizens' Responsibility since 1970”； Melissa Johnson,“Consuming Belize:Rural Belizean Environments,Modern Identities and Global Consumption”；Laura Hollsten,“Consuming the Environment in the Early Modem Caribbean”； Fredrik Bjork,“Preserving Nature's Gifts:Gender,Sugar and Modernity in Sweden 1900-1940”。
    ⑩ 这些报告包括：Heike Weber,“‘Wasting’in the 1950s and 1960s:West German and French Cities in Comparison”； Stefania Gallini,“Constructing Waste in a Latin American City:Begotá at the Turn of the X/X Century”； Samantha MacBride,“Scrap and Refill:Antecedents to Irrational Municipal Recycling Policy in the Contemporary United States”； Jakob Calice,“Tidy but Dangerous.Disposal of Household and Industrial Waste in Austria between 1950 and 1990 and What It Can Tell Us about Cleanliness”。
    （11）这些报告包括：Peter Thorsheim,“Recycling,Lend - Lease,and Public Opinion in Britain during the Second World War”； Zsuzsa Gille,“Cultures of Waste and Ideologies of Materialism in State Socialism”。
    （12） 彭刚：《叙事的转向：当代西方史学理论的考察》，北京：北京大学出版社，2009年，第2页。