注释：
    ①相关研究请参见林正义：《1958年台海危机期间美国对华政策》，台北：台湾商务印书馆，1985年；戴超武：《敌对与危机的年代：1954-1958年的中美关系》，北京：社会科学文献出版社，2003年；徐焰：《金门之战》，沈阳：辽宁人民出版社，2011年；Gordon H.Chang,Friends and Enemies:The United States,China,and the Soviet Union,1948-1972,Redwood City,CA:Stanford University Press,1990,pp.183-199; Shuguang Zhang,Deterrence and Strategic Culture:Chinese-American Confrontations,1949-1958,Ithaca:Cornell University Press,1992,pp.225-267; Qiang Zhai,The Dragon,the Lion,and the Eagle:Chinese-British-American Relations,1949-1958,Kent:The Kent State University Press,1994,pp.178-207.
    ②Alexander L.George and Richard Smoke,Deterrence in American Foreign Policy,New York:Columbia University Press,1974,p.370; McGeorge Bundy,Danger and Survival:Choices about the Bomb in the First Fifty Years,New York:Random House,1988,pp.284-285; Stanley E.Spangler,Force and Accommodation in World Politics,Maxwell Air Force Base:Air University Press,1991,pp.150-151.
    ③John L.Gaddis,The Long Peace:Inquiries into the History of the Cold War,New York:Oxford University Press，1989，pp.141-142；张淑雅：《困境重现之因：1958年台海危机与美国的外岛政策再思考》，《中央研究院近代史研究所集刊》第77期，2012年9月，第39-40页。
    ④U.S.Department of State,Foreign Relations of the United States(FRUS),1955-57,vol.3,Washington,DC:U.S.Government Printing Office,1990,pp.246,511; CRS Report,"U.S.Policy on the Use of Nuclear Weapons,1945-1975," November 14,1975,CRS-1975-FND-0011,pp.52-53.
    ⑤"U.S.and Allied Capabilities for Limited Military Operations to 1 July 1961," May 22,1958,Box 204,Records of the PPS,1957-1961,RG59,National Archives,College Park.
    ⑥SNIE 100-7-58,"Sino-Soviet and Free World Reactions to U.S.Use of Nuclear Weapons in Limited Wars in the Far east," July 22,1958,Box 3,RG 263,National Archives,College Park.
    ⑦Thomas E.Stolper,China,Taiman,and the Offshore Islands,Armonk:M.E.Sharpe,1985,p.125.
    ⑧张淑雅：《“主义为前锋，武力为后盾”：八二三炮战与“反攻大陆”宣传的转变》，《中央研究院近代史研究所集刊》第70期，2010年12月，第12-13页；林正义：《1958年台海危机期间美国对华政策》，第44-45页。
    ⑨M.H.Halperin,"The 1958 Taiwan Straits Crisis:A Documentary History," RM-4900-ISA,Santa Monica:Rand Corporation,December 1966,p.63.
    ⑩牛军：《1958年炮击金门决策的再探讨》，《国际政治研究》2009年第3期，第173-175页；戴超武：《敌对与危机的年代：1954-1958年的中美关系》，第326-327页。
    (11)U.S.Department of State,FRUS,1958-1960,vol.19,Washington,DC:U.S.Government Printing Office,1996,pp.42-43.
    (12)U.S.Department of State,FRUS,1958-1960,vol.19,pp.46-47,50-51; George Eliades,"Once More unto the Breach:Eisenhower,Dulles,and Public Opinion during the Offshore Islands Crisis of 1958," The Journal of American-East Asian Relations,vol.2,no.4(Winter 1993),p.347.
    (13)U.S.Department of State,FRUS,1958-1960,vol.19,pp.44-46,62-65; M.H.Halperin,"The 1958Taiwan Straits Crisis:A Documentary History," pp.81-83.
    (14)"Defense of Chinese Nationalist Held Offshore Islands," August 15,1958,CCS 381,Sec.37,Box 5,Geographic Files,RG 218,National Archives,College Park.
    (15)"Summary of the Principal Points Made in the Discussion of the Taiwan Straits Situation at the Meeting in the President's Office Following the NSC Meeting on 14 August 1958," DDRS/CK3100568438; Bernard C.Nalty,"The Air Force Role in Five Crises,1958-1965," USAF Historical Division Liaison Office,June 1968,DDRS/CK3100653511,p.19.
    (16)State Department-JCS Meeting,August 15,1958,Box 51,Records of State-JCS Meetings,RG 59,National Archives,College Park; U.S.Department of State,FRUS,1958-1960,vol.19,pp.56-57.
    (17)CCS381,Section 37,Box 7,RG218,National Archives,College Park; Bernard C.Nalty,"The Air Force Role in Five Crises,1958-1965," p.19.
    (18)Appu K.Soman,"Who's Daddy in the Taiwan Strait? The Offshore Islands Crisis of 1958," The Journal of American-East Asian Relations,vol.3,no.4(Winter 1994),p.383; U.S.Department of State,FRUS,1958-1960,vol.19,p.120.
    (19)韩怀智、谭旌樵主编：《当代中国军队的军事工作》(上)，北京：中国社会科学出版社，1989年，第387页。
    (20)吴冷西：《忆毛主席——我亲身经历的若干重大历史事件片断》，北京：新华出版社，1995年，第74-75页。
    (21)Dwight D.Eisenhower,The White House Years:Waging Peace,1956-1961,New York:Doubleday,1965,p.297.
    (22)Jacob Van Staaveren,"Air Operations in the Taiwan Crisis of 1958," USAF Historical Division Liaison Office,November 1962,DDRS/CK3100656519,pp.23,24.
    (23)CSS381,Section38,Box 6,RG 218,National Archives,College Park; U.S.Department of State,FRUS,1958-1960,vol.19,pp.75-76.
    (24)U.S.Department of State,FRUS,1958-1960,vol.19,pp.83-86; Parsons to Dulles,August 31,Box2,Bureau of Far Eastern Affairs,RG59,National Archives,College Park.
    (25)Byron R.Fairchild and Walter S.Poole,The Joint Chiefs of Staff and National Policy,1957-1960,Washington,DC:Office of Joint History/Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff,2000,p.210; M.H.Halperin,"The 1958 Taiwan Straits Crisis:A Documentary History," pp.109-110,114-115.
    (26)U.S.Department of State,FRUS,1958-1960,vol.19,pp.96-99; Goodpaster,"Memorandum of Conference with the President," August 29,1958,DDRS/CK3100174255.
    (27)Bernard C.Nalty,"The Air Force Role in Five Crises,1958-1965," p.21; Jacob Van Staaveren,"Air Operations in the Taiwan Crisis of 1958," pp.27-32,51; Richard K.Betts,Nuclear Blackmail and Nuclear Balance,Washington,DC:The Brookings Institution Press,1987,pp.70-71.
    (28)U.S.Department of State,FRUS,1958-1960,vol.19,pp.100-101; Byron R.Fairchild and Walter S.Poole,The Joint Chiefs of Staff and National Policy,1957-1960,p.211.
    (29)McGeorge Bundy,Danger and Survival:Choices about the Bomb in the First Fifty Years,p.279.
    (30)Qiang Zhai,The Dragon,the Lion,and the Eagle:Chinese-British-American Relations,1949-1958,p.185; M.H.Halperin,"The 1958 Taiwan Straits Crisis:A Documentary History," p.184.