(58)Albert Gallatin,"Roads and Canals:Communicated to the Senates,April 6,1808," American State Papers,Class 10 Miscellaneous,vol.1,Buffalo,NY:W.S.Hein,1998,p.779,http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage
    (59)Oscar Handlin and Mary Flug Handlin,Commonwealth:A Study of the Role of Government in the American Economy:Massachusetts,1774-1861,p.120.
    (60)参见Charles Royster,Light-Horse Harry Lee and the Legacy of the American Revolution,New York:Cambridge University Press,1982,pp.71-75.
    (61)Charles Henry Ambler,George Washington and the West,Chapel Hill:The University of North Carolina Press,1936,p.173.
    (62)P.H.Woodward,One Hundred Years of the Harford Bank,Now the Harford National Bank of Harford,Conn.,1792-1892,Hartford,CT:Case,Lockwood & Brainard,1892,pp.50-51,http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/008587166
    (63)"For the Centinel."
    (64)Robert E.Wright,"Artisans,Banks,Credit,and the Election of 1800," The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography,vol.122,no.3 (Jul.1998),p.224.
    (65)曼哈顿公司的特许状条款中，涉及银行的部分写道，“公司将剩余资金用于购买公共或其他股份，或进行任何货币交易或操作，只要不违反宪法或美利坚合众国的法律，并且符合公司的利益，就是合法的”。黑体字为原文斜体。An Act of Incorporation of the Manhattan Company,New York,1799,http://infoweb.newsbank.com/; "Manhattan Company," Albany Centinel,Jun.4,1799,http://infoweb.newsbank.com.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/iw-search/we/HistArchive/
    (66)Robert E.Wright,"Artisans,Banks,Credit,and the Election of 1800," pp.227,231.
    (67)Robert E.Wright,"Artisans,Banks,Credit,and the Election of 1800," p.230.
    (68)汉密尔顿曾提到过，伯尔“从不在意名誉”。参见"Hamilton to James A.Bayard,Jan.16,1801",in Harold C.Syrett et al.,eds.,The Papers of Alexander Hamilton,vol.25,New York:Columbia University Press,1961-1979,p.323; Gordon S.Wood,"The Real Treason of Aaron Burr," Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society,vol.143,no.2(Jun.1999),pp.283,286.
    (69)Robert E.Wright,"Artisans,Banks,Credit,and the Election of 1800," pp.233,237,239.
    (70)Daniel B.Klein and John Majewski,"Economy,Community,and Law:The Turnpike Movement in New York,1797-1845," Law & Society Review,vol.26,no.3(1992),p.476.
    (71)Louis Hartz,Economic Policy and Democratic Thought:Pennsylvania,1776-1860,p.48.
    (72)Andrew M.Schocket,Founding Corporate Power in Early National Philadelphia,pp.57-58.
    (73)John Lauritz Larson,The Market Revolution in America:Liberty,Ambition,and the Eclipse of the Common Good,New York:Cambridge University Press,2010,p.52.
    (74)1956年，加布里埃尔·阿尔蒙德在《比较政治体系》一文中首次对“政治文化”作出界定，认为“某种政治系统根植于其中的‘为政治行为定向的具体模式’”是政治文化。塞缪尔·比尔和亚当·乌拉姆在1958年重新界定了“政治文化”，提出“‘在一个社会的一般文化中，有某些方面专门涉及政府应当如何办事和应当办什么事。我们把文化的这个部分叫做政治文化。如同社会的一般文化一样，政治文化的主要成分包括价值、信念和情感态度。’”政治学家悉尼·维巴在1965年进一步解释了“政治文化”，认为“政治文化的‘定向’分解为‘认知定向、情感定向和评价定向’，或简化为‘认知、情感和评价’”。在政治文化的研究范式中，“政治不仅仅是权力运作的领域，权力也不仅仅是体现为外在的控制方式；作为观念和符号的政治信念、政治话语和政治象征物，不仅包含复杂的权力关系，而且对政治制度和政治行动具有塑造和限制的作用”。因此，在政治文化的视野下，要考察“通过语言、仪式和象征物而体现的政治态度、情感、信念和价值，进入到政治行动者的内心世界”。关于政治文化的概念与研究范式，参见李剑鸣：《戈登·伍德与美国早期政治史研究》，《四川大学学报》2013年第5期；李剑鸣：《美国政治史的衰落与复兴》，《史学集刊》2013年第6期。
    (75)Susan Hoffmann,Politics and Banking:Ideas,Public Policy,and the Creation of Financial Institutions,Baltimore:The Johns Hopkins University Press,2001,pp.23-24.
    (76)Alexander Hamilton,John Jay and James Madison,The Federalist:A Commentary on the Constitution of the United States,no.10,Philadelphia:J.B.Lippincott & Co.,1866,pp.109-110,http://books.google.com.hk/books
    (77)Joyce Appleby,"The American Heritage:The Heirs and the Disinherited," The Journal of American History,vol.74,no.3(Dec.1987),p.801.
    (78)Gordon S.Wood,The Creation of the American Republic,1776-1787,p.480.
    (79)Jennifer Nedelsky,"The Protection of Property in the Origins and the Development of the American Constitution," in Herman Belz,Ronald Hoffman and Peter J.Albert,eds.,To Form a More Perfect Union:The Critical Ideas of the Constitution,Charlottesville:University Press of Virginia,1992,p.65.
    (80)J.G.A.Pocock,T he Machiavellian Moment:Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition,Princeton:Princeton University Press,1975,pp.485,507.
    (81)李剑鸣：《在雅典和罗马之间——古典传统与美利坚共和国的创建》，《史学月刊》2011年第9期；Gordon S.Wood,The Creation of the American Republic,1776-1787,pp.49-50.
    (82)"For the Independent Chronicle Letter Ⅷ,"Independent Chronicle,Apr.3,1777,http://infoweb.newsbank.com/; "Characteristics of a Good Assembly-Man," New Jersey Gazette,January 7,1778,http://infoweb.newsbank.com/; "For the Pennsylvania Packet," Pennsylvania Packet,Sep.15,1786,http://infoweb.newsbank.com/; John Adams,"Thoughts on Government," in Charles Francis Adams,ed.,The Works of John Adams,vol.4,pp.194-195.
    (83)"Writers on Government," in Charles Francis Adams,ed.,The Works of John Adams,vol.6,Boston:Little,Brown and Co.,1865,p.6.
    (84)李剑鸣：《美国革命时期民主概念的演变》，《历史研究》2007年第1期。
    (85)Alexander Hamilton,John Jay and James Madison,The Federalist:A Commentary on the Constitution of the United States,no.55,p.424.
    (86)"Madison to James Monroe,Oct.5,1786," in Gaillard Hunt,ed.,The Writings of James Madison,vol.2,New York:G.P.Putnam's Sons,1901,p.273,https://archive.org/
    (87)Kenneth R.Bowling and Helen E.Veit,eds.,The Dairy of William Maclay and Other Notes on Senate Debates,Baltimore:The Johns Hopkins University Press,1988,p.292; 参见Joanne B.Freeman,Affairs of Honor:National Politic in the New Republic,New Haven:Yale University Press,2001,p.51.
    (88)Joanne B.Freeman,A f fairs of Honor:National Politic in the New Republic,p.52.
    (89)Alexander Hamilton,John Jay and James Madison,The Federalist:A Commentary on the Constitution of the United States,no.72,p.540.
    (90)转引自Joanne B.Freeman,A f fairs of Honor:National Politic in the New Republic,p.39.
    (91)"Otto to Vergennes,New York,Oct.10,1786," George Bancroft,History of the Formation of the Constitution of the United States of America,vol.2,New York:D.Appleton,1882,pp.399-400,http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015076291965#view=1up;seq=422