(39)Ibid.,p.149. (40)Ibid.,p.150.黑豹党三大纪律直接从英文版《毛主席语录》第266页采用了这些规则,但有轻微改变,黑豹党八项注意直接来自英文版《毛主席语录》第256页,具体见G.LouisHeath,ed.,Off the Pigs! The History and Literature of the Black Panther Party,pp.150,387-388。 (41)Herb Boyd,“Malcolm X,Mao and a Radical’s Memoir”,New York Amsterdam News,2006.5.25,Vol.97,Issue 22,p.22. (42)Robin D.G.Kelley and Betsey Esch,“Black Like Mao:Red China and Black Revolution”,p.13. (43)《美国黑人的觉醒(四十三)》,《参考消息》1968年7月19日。 (44)G.LouisHeath,ed.,Off the Pigs! The History and Literature of the Black Panther Party,p.169. (45)Robin D.G.Kelley and Betsey Esch,“Black Like Mao:Red China and Black Revolution”,pp.7-8. (46)Ibid.,p.23. (47)G.LouisHeath,ed.,Off the Pigs! The History and Literature of the Black Panther Party,p.148. (48)Ibid.,pp.156-158. (49)Robin D.G.Kelley and Betsey Esch,“Black Like Mao:Red China and Black Revolution”,p.26. (50)G.LouisHeath,ed.,Off the Pigs! The History and Literature of the Black Panther Party,p.61. (51)Ibid.,pp.13,160. (52)Ibid.,p.48. (53)Ibid.,pp.159-163. (54)罗伯特·艾伦:《美国黑人在觉醒中》,上海市五七干校六连翻译组译,上海人民出版社1976年版,第261-267页。 (55)Robin D.G.Kelley and Betsey Esch,“Black Like Mao:Red China and Black Revolution”,p.25. (56)Ibid.,p.24. (57)这方面代表性的论述见Kenneth B.Clark,Dark Ghetto:Dilemmas of Social Power,New York:Harper & Row,1965; Stokely Carmichael & Charles V.Hamilton,Black Power; The Politics of Liberation in America,Penguin Books Ltd.,1967; Robert L.Allen,Black Awakening in Capitalist America.,New York:Doubleday,1969等。他们认为黑人社会在政治、经济和军事上都附属于白人美国,就像欧洲列强直接控制下的亚非殖民地。殖民地不必是外部的,也可以是内部的,关键看这种殖民关系和统治与附属的结构。艾伦后来在《重评内部殖民主义理论》一文中,又把经民权立法废除种族隔离制后的黑人境况看作新殖民主义统治,认为白人权力机构通过黑人中产阶级对美国黑人进行间接的新殖民主义控制。见Robert L.Allen.“Reassessing the Internal(Neo) Colonialism Theory”,The Black Scholar,Vol.35,No.1(Spring,2005)。 (58)例如深受毛泽东影响的斯坦福就说:“不管什么客观条件,我们美国黑人必须制造自己的革命。”见Max Standford,“Black Guerrilla Warfare:Strategy And Tactics”,p.30。 (59)参见Jodi Melamed,“W.E.B.Du Bois’s UnAmerican End”,African American Review,Vol.40,No.3(Fall,2006),p.542。 (60)Robin D.G.Kelley and Betsey Esch,“Black Like Mao:Red China and Black Revolution”,p.8 (61)古巴革命对美国黑人的影响见Ruth Reitan,“Cuba,the Black Panther Party and the US Black Movement in the 1960s:Issues of Security”,New Political Science; Jun99,Vol.21 Issue 2; John A.Gronbeck-Tedesco,“The Left in Transition:The Cuban Revolution in US Third World Politics”,Journal of Latin American Studies,Vol.40,No.4(Nov.,2005),pp.651-673等;非洲民族解放运动对美国黑人的影响见James Hunter Meriwether,Proudly we can be Africans:Black Americans and Africa,1935-1961,Chapel Hill:University of North Carolina Press,2002等。
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