(68)参见Robert L.Dise,“Variation in Roman Administrative Practice:The Assignments of Beneficiarii Consularis,”pp.294-298。 (69)Ammianus Marcellinus,The Roman History,14.2.15; 24.3.1; 21.7.7,London:Harvard University Press,1935. (70)N.J.E.Austin,N.B.Rankov,Exploratio:Military and Political Intelligence in the Roman World from the Second Punic War to the Battle of Adrianople,pp.189-195. (71)参见拙作《铭文辑译:罗马帝国弗鲁曼塔里伊》,《古代文明》,2010年第3期。 (72)古典文献所记载弗鲁曼塔里伊在3世纪的情报搜集活动有:Aurelius Spartianus,Historia Augusta,Macrinus,12; Claudius,17.1; Commodus,4.5; Niger,2.6; Herodian,History,5.4; Eusebius,Ecclesicsstical History,40.2,London:Harvard University Press,1965。 (73)Cassius Dio,The Roman History,78.17. (74)Aurelius Spartianus,Historia Augusta,Macrinus,12. (75)反映3世纪弗鲁曼塔里伊监督职权的铭文有:CIL 3.1980; CIL 3.3524; CIL 11.1322; CIL 14.125; CIL 3.433; AE 2003.931。 (76)弗鲁曼塔里伊可调任至行省免役士兵岗位(CIL 2.4154; CIL 8.17627)或在行省政府中担任其他职务(AE 1992.1871)。 (77)古典文献所记载的情报人员滥用职权行为见:Aurelius Victor,De Caesaribus,p.45; Cassius Dio,The Roman History,78.17; Eusebius,Ecclesicsstical History,6.40; Aelius Spartianus,Historia Augusta,Didius Julianus,5.8; Cassius Dio,The Roman History,79.15等。 (78)M.Rostovtzeff,The Social and Economic History of the Roman Empire,p.738. (79)执事官是晚期罗马帝国中央国家机关最高首脑,级别相当于近卫军长(近卫军于公元312年解散),共4位。关于执事官问题,详见J.B.Bury,History of the Later Roman Empire,London:Macmillan & Co.Ltd,1923,pp.29-31;徐家玲:《早期拜占庭执事官职能探析》,《史学集刊》,2003年第4期。 (80)关于晚期罗马帝国情报机构,参见Willian G.Sinnigen,“Two Branches of the Late Roman Secret Service,”The American Journal of Philology,Vol.80(1959),pp.238-254。
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