(60)Sharon V.Salinger,"To Serve Well and Faithfully," p.4; Eric Williams,Capitalism and Slavery,p.16.
    (62)Scott Alan Carson,"Indentured Migration in America's Great Basin:Occupational Targeting and Adverse Selection," Journal of Interdisciplinary History,vol.32,no.3(Winter 2002),pp.387-389; David S.North,Nonimmigrant Workers in the U.S.:Current Trends and Future Implications,Springfield,Virginia:National Technical Information Service,May 1980(unpublished report),pp.vii-ix.
    (63)Grand Assembly of Virginia,"Laws of Virginia:Act XXVI," in William Waller Hening,ed.,The Statutes at Large:Being a Collection of All the Laws of Virginia from the First Session of the Legislature,in the Year 1619,vol.1,Richmond,Virginia:Whittet and Shepperson,1823,p.257.
    (64)Willie Lee Rose,ed.,A Documentary History of Slavery in North America,New York:Oxford University Press,1976,p.17.
    (65)马里兰规定，契约工入境6个月内，其雇主必须到县法庭登记，违者将被罚以1000英镑烟草。若劳工到马里兰时没有文字性契约，年龄在22岁以上者服务5年；18-22岁者服务6年；15-18岁者服务7年；15岁以下者服务到22岁时为止。参见“An Act Relating to Servants and Slaves，”in John Cushing，ed.，The Laws of the Province of Maryland，Wilmington，Delaware：Michael Glazier，Inc.，1981，pp.122-123.
    (66)(68)George Lee Haskins,Law and Authority in Early Massachusetts:A Study in Tradition and Design,New York:Archon Books,1968,pp.80,82.
    (67)Lawrence William Tower,A Good Master Well Served:Masters and Servants in Colonial Massachusetts,1620-1750,New York:Garland Publishing,Inc.,1998,pp.55-56.
    (69)Lawrence William Tower,A Good Master Well Served,p.78.
    (70)Robert J.Steinfeld,The Invention of Free Labor,p.90.
    (71)Grand Assembly of Virginia,"Laws of Virginia:Act CV," in William Waller Hening,ed.,The Statutes at Large:Being a Collection of All the Laws of Virginia from the First Session of the Legislature,in the Year 1619,vol.2,pp.116,119; Grand Assembly of Virginia,"Laws of Virginia:An Act Concerning Servants and Slaves," in William Waller Hening,ed.,The Statutes at Large:Being a Collection of All the Laws of Virginia from the First Session of the Legislature,in the Year 1619,vol.3,Richmond,Virginia:Whittet and Shepperson,1809,pp.444,452-453; "An Act Relating to Servants and Slaves," in John Cushing,ed.,The Laws of the Province of Maryland,p.122; "An Act Concerning Those Servants that Have Bastards," in Bernard Christian Steiner,ed.,Archives of Maryland,vol.38,Acts of the General Assembly of Maryland,1694-1729,Baltimore:Maryland Historic Society,1918,pp.20-21.
    (72)Grand Assembly of Virginia,"Laws of Virginia:An Act Concerning Servants and Slaves," pp.447-448.
    (73)Robert J.Steinfeld,The Invention of Free Labor,p.99.
    (74)Grand Assembly of Virginia,"Laws of Virginia:An Act Concerning Servants and Slaves," p.450.
    (75)Grand Assembly of Virginia,"Laws of Virginia:Act XXII," in William Waller Hening,ed.,The Statutes at Large:Being a Collection of All the Laws of Virginia from the First Session of the Legislature,in the Year 1619,vol.1,pp.254-255.
    (76)Grand Assembly of Virginia,"Laws of Virginia:An Act Concerning Servants and Slaves," pp.448-451.
    (77)John D.Cushing,The Laws and Liberties of Massachusetts,1641-1691:A Facsimile Edition,Containing also Councile Orders and Executive Proclamations,vol.1,Wilmington,Delaware:Scholarly Resources Inc.,1976,pp.44-45.