(26)这里的西北地区是针对加拿大而言，指萨斯喀彻温河流域及其更远的地区。不同于美国历史上的西北地区，后者指阿巴拉契亚山脉以西、俄亥俄河以北、密西西比河以东的地区。
    (27)Gerald Friesen,The Canadian Prairies:A History,Toronto:University of Toronto Press,1987,p.62.
    (28)Alexander Mackenzie,Voyages from Montreal,on the River St.Laurence,through the Continent of North America,to the Frozen and Pacific Oceans,vol.Ⅰ,New York:W.B.Gilley,1814,p.xxiv.
    (29)W.Kaye Lamb,ed.,The Journals and Letters of Sir Alexander Mackenzie,London:Cambridge University Press,1970,p.417.
    (30)转引自James P.Ronda,"Astoria and the Birth of Empire," Montana:The Magazine of Western History,vol.36,no.3(Summer 1986),p.31.
    (31)David Thompson,Columbia Journals,ed.Barbara Belyea,Montreal:McGill-Queen's University Press,1994,pp.35-178; George Bryce,The Remarkable History of the Hudson's Bay Company,London:Sampson Low Marston & Company,1902,pp.134-141.
    (32)E.E.Rich,The Fur Trade and the Northwest to 1857,Toronto:McClelland and Stewart Limited,1967,pp.198-199.
    (33)Elizabeth L.Gebhard,The Life and Ventures of the Original John Jacob Astor,Hudson:Bryan Printing Company,1915,pp.154-155.
    (34)Paul Chrisler Phillips,The Fur Trade,vol.Ⅱ,p.270.
    (35)Thomas Jefferson,"To Captain Meriwether Lewis," in George Tucker,The Life of Thomas Jefferson,Third President of the United States,vol.Ⅱ,London:Charles Knight & Co.,1837,p.577.
    (36)Samuel L.Mitchill,A Discourse on the Character and Services of Thomas Jefferson,New York:G.C.Carvill,1826,p.29.
    (37)Washington Irving,Astoria,or,Anecdotes of an Enterprise beyond the Rocky Mountains,New York:G.P.Putnam,1863,pp.95-105.
    (38)Hiram Martin Chittenden,The American Fur Trade of the Far West,vol.Ⅰ,pp.176-181.
    (39)Hiram Martin Chittenden,The American Fur Trade of the Far West,vol.Ⅰ,pp.215-238.
    (40)H.W.Scott,"Beginnings of Oregon:Exploration and Early Settlement at the Mouth of the Columbia River," p.109.
    (41)Walter Lowrie and Matthew St.Clair Clarke,eds.,American State Papers,Foreign Relations,vol.Ⅲ,Washington,D.C.:Gale and Seaton,1832,p.731.
    (42)Walter Lowrie and Matthew St.Clair Clarke,eds.,American State Papers,Foreign Relations,vol.Ⅲ,p.746.
    (43)Frederick Merk,The Oregon Question:Essays in Anglo-American Diplomacy and Politics,pp.9-12.
    (44)Washington Irving,Astoria,or,Anecdotes of an Enterprise beyond the Rocky Mountains,Appendix,pp.508-509.
    (45)Katharine B.Judson,"The British Side of the Restoration of Fort Astoria," The Quarterly of the Oregon Historical Society,vol.20,no.3(Sep.1919),pp.243-260; Katharine B.Judson,"British Side of the Restoration of Fort Astoria-Ⅱ," The Quarterly of the Oregon Historical Society,vol.20,no.4(Dec.1919),pp.305-330.
    (46)H.W.Scott,"Beginnings of Oregon:Exploration and Early Settlement at the Mouth of the Columbia River," p.107.
    (47)Richard Somerset Mackie,Trading Beyond the Mountains:The British Fur Trade on the Pacific 1793-1843,p.40.
    (48)"Minutes of Council,1825," in Edmund Henry Oliver,ed.,The Canadian North-West:Its Early Development and Legislative Records,vol.Ⅰ,Ottawa:Government Printing Bureau,1914,p.654.